Living Healthy Essay -- essays research papers fc

Living HealthyNo matter who you are, no matter what you do, you absolutely, positively do dedicate the power to change (Phillips xv). No matter how old or over weight you are, you always have the need to be healthy and it is never withal late to start living healthy. Your body is the center of your universe. You can go nowhere without it. Its the temple of your mind and your soul. If your body is sagging, or aging rapidly, otherwise aspects of your liveness will soon follow. There are besides many passel who believe that theyre already too overweight, too weak, or too old to get in shape. People think that everybody in the gym is in perfect shape, and that is just not true. Everybody has to start somewhere. (Phillips xiv). When you begin to apply the teaching in this paper, you will be proving to yourself that outstanding changes are within your grasp. Being healthy is a gateway to a new and better life, a life of rewarding and fulfilling times.The first thing that everyone n eeds to do is to learn to mold your baffling habits. Bad habits wait on us forever, they dont go away. Bad Habits will always be there looking for an opening. If youre addicted to food or alcohol or cigarettes, if you have a bad habit of any kind, you need to know that it doesnt just disappear. If you stop stetting goals for your future, that is when bad habits push their way into your life (Phillips xiii). Exercise is a way to curb your bad habits and to help you become healthier in all areas. Runners run and exercisers exercise because so many people have told them its good for them physically, emotionally, socially, and level spiritually (Solomon 3). There are approximately 35 cardinal people walking enthusiasts, 20 million cyclists, 5 million weight lifters, 10 million basketball players, and 25 million joggers around us (Glenn 4). You get the impression of how many joggers pound the streets and shoulders of suburban roads by looking around during the archean morning and a fter work hours. In former days, the healthiest form of exercise was thought to be a daily constitutional, a brisk walk that could be accomplished without special gear and certainly without panting (Solomon 2). Now days exercising is much harder. Elite professional athletes such as John Elway, Karl Malone, microphone Piazza, and Terell Davis have turned to advisors f... ... evolutionary, (Wilkenson 15). All of these were developed to help people become healthier because it is so important for everyone to live healthy.In conclusion, it is so important to doctors, scientists, and nutritionist, that people be healthy that they have wrote several books on just how to live healthy. It will benefit you in all ways possible. It will make you recover better both physically and emotionally. Your health depends on your exercise and the good nutrients that you put into your body. I hope that this paper has been able to persuade you to take control and live a healthier life. Just like Bill Ph illips says, When you gain control of your body, you will gain control of your LIFE Works CitedGilmore, C.P.. Exercising for Fitness. sugar Time Life Books, 1981.Glenn, Jim. Exercise and Fitness. Springhouse, PA Springhouse Corp., 1986 Phillips, Bill. Body for Life. New York, NY Harper Collins, 1999. Solomon, Henrey. The Exercise Myth. New York, NY Harcourt BraceJovanovich, 1984.Wilkinson, Cecilia. Nutrition. Hyattsville, MD United States Department ofAgriculture.

Frederick Jackson Turner’s Reliance on the Myth of an Unoccupied Americ

The limit Thesis has been very influential in peoples understanding of American values, government and culture until sanely recently. Frederick Jackson food turner outlines the frontier thesis in his essay The Significance of the Frontier in American History. He argues that expansion of society at the frontier is what explains Americas individuality and ruggedness. Furthermore, he argues that the communitarian values experienced on the frontier carry over to Americas unique status on democracy. This idea has been pervasive in studies of American History until fairly recently when it has come under scrutiny for numerous reasons. In his essay The dogfight with Wilderness or, Getting Back to the ill-timed Nature, William Cronon argues that many scholars, Turner included, fall victim to the false notion that a pristine, untouched wilderness existed earlier European intervention. Turners argument does indeed rely on the idea of pristine wilderness, especially because he fail s to notice the serious impact that subjective Americans had on the landscape of the Americas before Europeans set foot in America. Turner fails to realize the extent to which Native Americans existed in the Wilderness of the Americas before the frontier began to advance. Turners thesis relies on the idea that easterners in moving to the wild unsettled lands of the frontier, shed the trappings of civilization and by reinfused themselves with a vigor, an independence, and a creative thinking that the source of American democracy and national character. (Cronon) While this idea seems like a satisfying theory of why Americans are unique, it relies on the notion that the Frontier was an area of free land, which is not the case, undermining the the... ...icans lived in and tamed the land around them millennia before European settlers arrived.Works CitedCronon, William The Trouble with Wilderness or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature ed., Uncommon Ground Rethinking the Human Place in Nature, New York W. W. Norton & Co., 1995, 69-90Denevan, William M. The Pristine Myth The Landscape of the Americas in 1492. The Pristine Myth The Landscape of the. blue Arizona University, Web. 25 Mar. 2014. Krech, Shepard. The Ecological Indian Myth and History. New York W.W. Norton &, 1999. Print.Solnit, Rebecca. Spectators. Savage Dreams A Journey into the Hidden Wars of the American West. San Francisco Sierra Club, 1994. 228-47. Print.Turner, Frederick Jackson. The Significance of the Frontier in American History, Learner Primary Sources. Annenberg Learner, Web. 25 Mar. 2014.

The Curse of Macbeth Essay -- Macbeth essays

The Curse of Macbeth Macbeth is one of Shakespeares more popular plays, and nearly everyone knows about the abundant blood and gore, the witches, Lady Macbeths ambition, and the sense of touch of Banquo. However, not as many people know about the superstitions that surround this play. Theres a long-standing belief that the play is jinxed, than any company that produces it is courting disaster, and that quoting from the play (or yet saying the title) leads to serious bad luck. Theres no doubt that several superstitions are associated with Macbeth. Many actors refuse to say the name of the play but rather consult to it as The Scottish satisfy or even The Plaid Play (Gero). Some go even further, referring to it as The Unmentionable or even That Play (Demcisak 8). Actors also look unkindly on anyone who says the name of the title character or quotes from the play while in the theater. The only way to cure the enigma created is to perform a ritual. For instance, the offending act or may be required to turn around three times and spit over his left shoulder, or turn around three times and quote from A Midsummer Nights Dream (Faulkner). Whats the evidence for the curse or jinx? Bad luck certainly seems to follow productions of Macbeth.According to legend, during the plays first production, the boy who played Lady Macbeth died backstage (Rozakis 245). In 1849, three of New Yorks theaters were featuring Macbeth, and two of the lead actors had a serious rivalry going. Edwin Forrest (one of the Macbeths) reportedly encouraged some of his followers to disrupt the production at his rivals theater. In the resulting riot, thirty-one people were killed (Demcisak 7). Demcisak reports more tra... ...lthttp//ws.bowiestate.edu/archives/1995/0075.html>. Gagen, Steven. The Scottish Play. Online posting. 6 Feb. 1995. SHAKSPERws.bowiestate.edu. 7 ring 2001 <http//ws.bowiestate.edu/archives/1995/0075.html>. Gero, Edward. Re The Scottish Play. Online posting. 8 Feb. 1995. SHAKSPERws.bowiestate.edu. 12 March 2001 <http//ws.bowiestate.edu/archives/1995/0088.html>. Ivanov Goes to Moscow. ArtsZone. 2 March 2001. <http//www.ovationtv.com/artszone/programs/ivanov/wild.html>. Rozakis, Laurie. The Complete Idiots Guide to Shakespeare. New York Alpha, 1999. Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. Literature An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Ed. X.J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. seventh ed. New York Longman, 1999. 1522-1634.

An Interpretation of “Dulce et Decorum Est” Essay -- Literary Analysi

What would it feel like to be in the middle of the bloodiest war in history? Surrounded by death on all sides it seems impossible that anybody would write poetry about this very subject. Thanks to the poem Dulce et Decorum Est, Wilfred Owen gives the reader a small window into the horrors that he witnessed firsthand in the carnage of battle. Faced with death at every turn, Owen takes the time to chronicle these terrible answers that happened shortly before his own death. Owen utilizations rhythm, rhyme, and resource to convey the message that people should be careful glorifying war beca intention it is a very traumatic event that takes many innocent lives. When a reader tries to comprehend the rhythm of Dulce et Decorum Est it becomes a bit tricky to find any type of rhythm. When reading shortly into the poem, one notices that there does seem to be a heartbeat to the poem when it states in line 3 Till on the haunting flares we turned our back. Owen uses iambic pentameter to achi eve this pattern as close to all of the lines which have a rising meter and 5 feet. Having this underlying heartbeat to the poem speaks to the humanity and allows the reader to personalize with what is being said. Owen past contrasts the use of iambic pentameter in several lines including line 23 when he says, Bitter as the cud, as if to make that really stand out to the reader. Owen then further chops up the rhythm to make it seem as if he were telling a story to the reader. This is evident when an individual starts to encounter the heavy use of punctuation in when it says, But limped on, blood-shood. All went lame, all blind (6). It also makes the poem more vivid throughout and makes the reader really stop and debate about what is happening in the line. Owen a... ... that someone was yelling out (11), and that there was blood (22) gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs ( 23). With rich imagery being used throughout the poem, it becomes clear that Owen mean to use imagery to help the reader feel as if they were present in the situation along side of him. This allows the reader to personalize this situation and upgrade a better understanding of the message that is being sent.Through the use of rhythm, rhyme, and imagery Owen forces the reader to ponder about the thought that war isnt an event that should be taken lightly. Many kind and brave soldiers have lost their lives over the history of humanity and that loss of life, while honorable, is extremely tragic. Thanks to Owens poetry people are able to look back at this time in history and hopefully learn valuable lessons about the hold dear of human life.

George Balanchine Essay -- Biography Biographies

George Balanchine One of the most important and influential people in the domain of ballet is George Balanchine. He became a legend long before he died. He brought the standards of dance up to a level that had never been seen before, and he created a new audience for ballet. Balanchine was one of the greatest and most prolific choreographers in ballet history, choreographing at least 300 ballets he was rivaled in quantity only if by Jules Perrot and Marius Petipa. At the age of nine he started training at the Imperial train in St. Petersburg. He rarely saw his family because they lived far external and he became the ward of Grigory Grigorevich, who was in charge of the school. There Balanchine performed his first role as cupid in Sleeping Beauty. During the Russian Revolution in 1917, the Imperial School closed and the students were put out on the street. Balanchine was cut off from his family in the Caucasus, and was taken in to live with Mr. Grigorevich. The school did reopen and Balanchine graduated in 1921. He then joined the Soviet State Ballet. Upon graduation Balanchine married Geva, a fellow student whom he had met in the ballroom dancing class. Geva described her keep up as a cross between a poet and a general. In order to have his choreography seen, Blanchine organized a small company called The unseasoned Ballet, to perform at halturas (bread and butter jobs). At the Maryinsky, Balanchine had been assigned to stage the procession in Rimski-Korsakoffs opera Coq dOr, and what he devised, although beautiful, shattered tradition. The company tried to re-train him, but he wouldnt conform. His choreography continued to be controversial, so the board at the Maryinsky Theater dis... ...he marriage had never been consummated. For Tanaquil LeClerq, his fourth wife (whom he married in 1952) he created La Valze (1951), Bourre Fantasque (1949) Western Symphony and Ivesiana (both in1954). Her career ended after she was tragically stricken with polio. Before their divorce was finalized Balanchine became infatuated with his final protg, Suzanne Farrell, for whom he created many of his last great ballets Mozartiana (1981), Don Quixote (1965), and Diamonds in Jewels (1967). After Balanchine recovered from a mysterious illness, he continued to work until his death. He died of Jakob-Creutzfeldt syndrome, on April 30, 1983. Balanchines funeral was held in a Russian Orthodox Church and that night the New York City Ballet performed as scheduled. Balanchines repretare is still widely performed and he has made a mjor impact on the world of ballet.

George Balanchine Essay -- Biography Biographies

George Balanchine One of the most important and influential people in the world of ballet is George Balanchine. He became a subtitle long before he died. He brought the standards of dance up to a level that had never been seen before, and he created a new audience for ballet. Balanchine was one of the sterling(prenominal) and most prolific choreographers in ballet history, choreographing at least 300 ballets he was rivaled in quantity only by Jules Perrot and Marius Petipa. At the age of cabaret he started training at the Imperial School in St. Petersburg. He rarely saw his family because they lived far away and he became the ward of Grigory Grigorevich, who was in electric charge of the school. There Balanchine performed his first role as cupid in Sleeping Beauty. During the Russian Revolution in 1917, the Imperial School closed and the students were put out on the street. Balanchine was cut off from his family in the Caucasus, and wa s taken in to live with Mr. Grigorevich. The school did reopen and Balanchine graduated in 1921. He then joined the Soviet stir Ballet. Upon graduation Balanchine married Geva, a fellow student whom he had met in the ballroom dancing class. Geva described her husband as a cross mingled with a poet and a general. In order to have his choreography seen, Blanchine organized a small company called The Young Ballet, to perform at halturas (bread and butter jobs). At the Maryinsky, Balanchine had been assigned to stage the procession in Rimski-Korsakoffs opera Coq dOr, and what he devised, although beautiful, shattered tradition. The company tried to re-train him, but he wouldnt conform. His choreography continued to be controversial, so the board at the Maryinsky Theater dis... ...he marriage had never been consummated. For Tanaquil LeClerq, his fourth wife (whom he married in 1952) he created La Valze (1951), Bourre Fantasque (1949) Western harmony and Ivesiana (both in1954). Her career ended after she was tragically stricken with polio. Before their divorce was finalized Balanchine became infatuated with his final protg, Suzanne Farrell, for whom he created many of his last great ballets Mozartiana (1981), endure Quixote (1965), and Diamonds in Jewels (1967). After Balanchine recovered from a mysterious illness, he continued to work until his death. He died of Jakob-Creutzfeldt syndrome, on April 30, 1983. Balanchines funeral was held in a Russian Orthodox church building and that night the New York City Ballet performed as scheduled. Balanchines repretare is still widely performed and he has made a mjor impact on the world of ballet.

William Isaac Thomas

The doubting Thomas Theorem William Isaac Thomas (13 August 1863 5 December 1947) was an American sociologist. I decided to relieve about the W. I Thomas after reading about the other theorist I decided that W. I Thomas theory was much more than intriguing and very controversial. W. I Thomas is well known for his quote If men define touchs as real, they are real in their consequences. In 1928, the sociologist W. I. Thomas formulated this statement which later became known as the Thomas Theorem.In other words, the interlingual rendition of a situation causes the action. This interpretation is not objective. Actions are alter by subjective perceptions of situations. Whether there even is an objectively correct interpretation is not important for the purposes of helping guide individuals behavior (http//en. wikipedia. org, 2011). The Thomas Theorem in my interpretation means that whatever you think or cogitate in it will become true. I agree with this theory to a certain extent that this single applies to some things in life and not all.For example if I think that I am going to be a millionaire it will not dear come true I would have to do something in order to make my thoughts come true. How we view the world creates real and tangible outcomes in how we opinion and what we do. W. I. Thomas (18631947) (1966) stated that whatever we believe to be real will become real in its consequences. So if we believe one religious or political group is proper(a), we will act in a way that supports that view, and we may disagree with those who view things differently.We may try to convince them that our view is right (Vessling,2010). Although many people do not agree with the Thomas theory there are many who do. Law enforcement agencies use it to train officers in the handling of the mentally ill, and its been used effectively to explain everything from beauty contest outcomes to panic runs on bank deposits(soulshelter. com, Tim, 2008). The Secret, written by Ronda Byrne and As a adult male Thinketh, written by James Allen are both self help books and based on this theory.Some say the formulation of the Thomas Theorem is ambiguous. It could mean, The consequences of a situation follow from how it is perceived, not the way it really is, or The power to define a situation includes power over its consequences. It also could simply mean, Beliefs have consequences, irrespective of whether they are true. Whether Thomas was referring to self-fulfilling prophecies, or expressing skepticism about the existence of an objective world depends on how the statement is interpreted (www. ehow. com, 2011).Frank Van Dun criticized the theorem, he goes on to say The consequences of a situation being believed to be true are the same as if it is actually true, it is false, because one cant create or infringe a reality by wishing for or denying it. If it means, The consequences of a situation are real no matter how well it is defined, it is trivial because tha t reduces to the aphorism, Get real. anyhow the negative feedback from many, W I Thomas was also a pioneer of a psychological approach to social phenomena, and thus can be regarded, unitedly with William Graham Sumner and Wilhelm Wundt, as a forerunner of cultural psychology.His The Polish Peasant was an important landmark in American sociological research. He used biographical data personal letters, autobiographies, diaries, and other personal documents developing the life-history method for which he became famous along with the ideas of George Herbert Mead, Thomas concept of the definition of the situation later proved to be an important starting point for the revolution of symbolic interactionism against structural functionalism(http//www. ewworldencyclopedia. org, 2011) In conclusion I am a Christian so I believe in God, I also believe that if I ask God to do something that it will be done. The bible reads in Matthew 77 Ask, and it shall be given you seek, and ye shall find knock, and it shall be opened unto you (King James Bible). W. I Thomas theory maybe a little farfetched to some but this is true statement to many. Based on my research I can relate more to the Thomas Theorem. References Alden, WH. 2007) William Isaac Thomas Retrieved from http//www. newworldencyclopedia. org/entry/W. _I. _Thomas Phillips, Colby. (2011). What is the Thomas Theorem of Sociology Retrieved from http//www. ehow. com/info_10068714_thomas-theorem-sociology. html Tim (2010) Understanding the life through the Thomas Theorem Retrieved fromhttp//www. soulshelter. com/fortune/understanding-the-world-through-the-thomas-theorem-2/ Vissing, Yvonne (2011) An Introduction to Sociology

Social Structure of Bangladesh

Social Structure of Bangladesh Introduction Bangladeshofficially the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh is a country in South Asia. The name Bangladesh means Country of Bengal in the official Bengali language. The borders of present-day Bangladesh were established with the partition of Bengal and India in 1947, when the region became the eastern wing of the newly-formed Pakistan. However, it was sepa arranged from the western wing by 1,600 kilometres (1,000mi) across India.Political and linguistic discrimination as well as economic neglect led to popular agitations a applyst West Pakistan, which led to the war for independence in 1971 and the establishment of Bangladesh, with the help of India. In 2000, Bangladesh was estimated to be bingle of the ten most highly populated countries with an estimated dry go through of just under 130 million. Nowadays it scored above 140 Million. This makes the people density of about 875 people per sq km (2,267 people per sq mi) higher than othe r countries.Almost 90 pct of this population lives in the rustic beas and 80 percent of our population be still depends on agri agriculture for a livelihood. With the successful lowering of sum fertility rate and growth rates over the other(prenominal) few years, the crude birth rate stands at 22. 4 per 1000 persons, with a total fertility rate 3. 0 per women. The rural birth rate was estimated to be 36. 3 birth per 1000 persons according to the 1985 census. On the other hand, the crude death rate stands at 8. 2 per 1000 persons with the rural death rate found to be 12. 9 per 1000 persons. Also the child death rate is 70 per 1000 live births in the rural aras.Most of the population is young with about 60 percent under the age of 25, with only about 3 percent over the age of 65 (life expectancy is 61 years). Twenty percent of the population was deemed to be urban in 1998, making Bangladeshs population predominantly rural. depicted object symbols of Bangladesh Anthem Amar S honar Bangla Animal Royal Bengal Tiger Bird Oriental Magpie Robin Fish Hilsa Flower White Water Lily Fruit Jackfruit pastime Kabadi Although urbanization is proceeding rapidly, agriculture employs about two-thirds of the labor force and accounts for 35 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP), remains Bangladeshs primary sector. Bangladesh has predominantly remained rural and agricultural. Since more than 50 percent of the population, which has increased, depends on agriculture for sustenance and employment bucolic parsimoniousness is the main mode of output signal in Bangladesh. The village is the peasants world and to understand the village community one must study the peasantry and their relationship with the nation at thumping.Being a citizen of this country, one simply can non rebuff the prevalent poverty and unemployment in the rural sector and the consequential rise in the number of unemployment in the urban areas as well. Villages play a very(prenominal)(pr enominal) important role for Bangladesh. Without these villages economic development of this country is not possible. This paper will clearly indicate the rural life, society and social class, culture, education, occupation, religion, economic and governmental institutions, beliefs, and the way of living in Bangladesh. Social Composition The Main and Basic stratification amidst the rich landlords and the poor farmers.Here the class system is based on money and prestige, which is highly flexible. None has the fixed class here. All can have mobility to any direction if he or she manages to get that. Those who have sufficient Land they are more respected. Beside this Rural people of Bangladesh are stratified by other reasons related to their religion- Society in village is not rigorously stratified rather, it is open, fluid, and diffused, without a solid social organization and social structure. Social class distinctions are mostly functional and in that location is considerable mo bility among classes.Even the structure of the Hindi caste system in Bangladesh is relatively loose because most Hindis belonged to the lower castes. Ostensibly, egalitarian principles of Islam were the basis of social organization. Unlike in other regions of South Asia, the Hindi caste- based social system had a very limited effect on Bangladeshi Muslim social culture. Fairly permeable classes based on wealth and political work out existed both in the cities and in the villages. Traditional Muslim class distinctions had little importance in Bangladesh.The proscription against marriage between individuals of high-born and low-born families, once an indicator of the social gap between the two groups, had long ago disappeared most matrimonial alliances were based on wealth and power and not on the ties of family distinction, and the same condition belongs to the village. Although Hindu society is formally stratified into caste categories, caste did not figure prominently in the Ba ngladeshi Hindu community. About 75 percent of the Hindus in Bangladesh belonged to the lower castes, notably namasudras (lesser cultivators), and the remainder belonged primarily to outcaste or untouchable groups.Some members of higher castes belonged to the middle or pro class, but there was no Hindu upper class. With the increasing participation of the Hindus in nontraditional professional mobility, the castes were able to interact in wider political and socioeconomic arenas, which caused some erosion of caste consciousness. Although there is no mobility between Hindu castes, caste distinctions did not play as important a role in Bangladesh as in they did in the Hindu-dominated Indian state of West Bengal.Bangladeshi Hindus seemed to have become part of the mainstream culture without surrendering their religious and cultural distinctions. Culture Language and writings More than 95 percent of the people of Bangladesh speak Bengali which is one of the earliest modem languages of the subcontinent. It originates from the eastern Prakrit group of the Indo- Aryan family of languages. Early Bengali, in its lyrical form, originated in the 7th century. Its mediaeval period underlined a s tea leafdy upsurge of poesy having strong devotional and romantic overtones.Since the early decades of this century, modem Bengali literature swept into the mainstream of world culture through the working of such geniuses as Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Rabindranath Tagore and the rebel poet Kazi Nazrul Islam while poet Jasimuddins austere lyrical anecdotes depicting rural life with its joys and sorrows, romance and patrol unplowed alive the link with the toiling masses. With this heritage to draw inspiration from, contemporary Bengali literature of Bangladesh has been throbbing with the creative impulses of a new generation of poets, novelists, playwrights and es advanceists.Many of their works have earned fame beyond the frontiers of the country. Music pic The rich tradition of mus ic of Bangladesh can be divided into three distinct categories - chaste, folk and modern. The tradition of classical music, whether vocal or instrumental, is rooted in the ancient history of this subcontinent. It has been cultivated with great patience and passion by devoted musicians over the centuries. Internationally cognise sarod players Ustad Alauddiri Khan and Ustad Ayet Ali Khan hail from the soil of this country. Folk music, nurtured through the ages by village bards. s the most popular and timeless form of music in Bangladesh. Rich in devotional mysticism and love ores, folk music exudes authentic flavor and charm of the soil. The most well- known forms are bhatia1i, baul, marfati, murshidi, bhaoaiya and gombhira. Some of the superior exponents of our mystic and devotional songs were Lalan Fakir, Hasan Raja and Abbasuddin Ahmed. Dances Dancing in Bangladesh draws freely from the sub continental classical forms as well as the folk, tribal, ballet and Middle east strains. Of the tribal dances, particularly popular are Manipuri and Santhal.The Bulbul Academy of Fine Arts (BAFA), set up in Dacca in the early fifties, played a pioneering role in the promotion of dances in the country. A number of other cultural organizations have helped in popularizing the art. No cultura1 evening in this country is have it away without a dance number. The cinema has also popularized dancing. With the recent creation of the Academy of Performing Arts in Dacca dancing in Bangladesh is expected to gain further impetus. Jatra (Folk Drama) is another vital chapter of Bengali culture. It depictsmythological episodesof love and tragedy.Legendaryplays of heroismarealso popular,particularly in the ruralareas. In near past jatra was the biggest entertainment means for the rural Bangalees and in that sense for 80% of the population since the same percentage of the population lived in rural Bangladesh. Now-a-days jatra has been placed in the sand seat in the entertainment era. G radually western culture is occupying the place of traditional culture like Jatra. Different types of Drama are also popular in this society. Bangladesh Religion pic pic Islam, the state religion, is the faith of 88 percent of the population, almost all of whom adhere to the Sunni branch.Hindus make up most of the remainder, and the country has small communities of Buddhists, Christians and animists. Bangladesh is one of the largest Muslim countries in the world. Most Bangladeshi Muslims are Sunnis, but there is a small Shia community. Among religious festivals of Muslims Eidul Fitr, Eidul Azha, Eiday Miladunnabi, Muharram etc. are prominent. The contention that Bengali Muslims are all descended from lower-caste Hindus who were converted to Islam is incorrect a substantial proportion are descendants of the Muslims who reached the subcontinent from elsewhere.Hinduism is professed by about 12 percent of the population. Durga Puja, Saraswati Puja, Kali Puja etc. are Hindu festivals. Hi ndus in Bangladesh are almost evenly distributed in all regions, with concentrations in Khulna, Jessore, Dinajpur, Faridpur, and Barisal. Biharis, who are not ethnic Bangalees, are Urdu-speaking Muslim refugees from Bihar and other move of northern India. They numbered about 1 million in 1971 but now had decreased to around 600,000. They once dominated the upper levels of the society. They sided with Pakistan during the 1971 war.Hundreds of thousands of Biharis were repatriated to Pakistan after the war. Tribal lean constitutes less than 1 percent of the total population. They live in the Chittagong Hills and in the regions of Mymensingh, Sylhet, and Rajshahi. The majority of the tribal population live in rural areas. They differ in their social organization, marriage customs, birth and death rites, food, and other social customs from the people of the rest of the country. They speak Tibeto-Burman languages. In the mid-1980s, the percentage distribution of tribal population by rel igion was Hindu 24, Buddhist 44, Christian 13, and others 19.Major tribes are the Chakmas, Maghs (or Marmas), Tipras, Murangs, Kukis and Santals. The tribes tend to intermingle and could be distinguished from one another more by differences in their dialect, dress, and customs than by tribal cohesion. Only the Chakmas and Marmas display formal tribal organization. They are of mixed origin but reflect more Bengali influence than any other tribe. Unlike the other tribes, the Chakmas and Marmas generally live in the highland valleys. Most Chakmas are Buddhists, but some practice Hinduism or Animism. economic InstitutionMany industries in Bangladesh are still primitive by modern standards. Despite continuous domestic and international efforts to improve economic and demographic prospects, Bangladesh remains a developing nation. Jute was once the economic engine of the country. Its share of the world export market peaked in the Second World War and the late mid-forties at 80% and even i n the early 1970s accounted for 70% of its export earnings. However, polypropylene products began to substitute for jute products worldwide and the jute industry started to decline. Bangladesh grows very significant quantities of rice(chal), tea (Cha) and mustard.More than three quarters of Bangladeshs export earnings come from the garment industry, which began attracting foreign investors in the 1980s due to cheap labour and low spiritual rebirth cost. In 2002, the industry exported US$5billion worth of products. The industry now employs more than 3million workers, 90% of whom are women. A large part of foreign currency earnings also comes from the remittances sent by expatriates living in other countries. One significant contributor to the development of the economy has been the widespread propagation of microcredit by Muhammad Yunus (awarded the Nobel peace prize in 2006) through the Grameen Bank.By the late 1990s, Grameen Bank had 2. 3million members, along with 2. 5million mem bers of other similar organizations. In order to enhance economic growth, the government set up several export processing zones to attract foreign investment. These are managed by the Bangladesh Export Processing Zone Authority. AGRICULTURE pic Bangladesh is one of the poorest countries in the world with an annual per capita income of US$160. The hoidenish sector provides the principal livelihood of the people in the country and is the main blood vessel of the national economy.According to statistics in 1990-1991, agriculture accounts for 46% of the gross domestic product (GDP) and 59% of total employment. Agricultural productiveness (yield per acre) is extremely low though, and Bangladesh continues to be a food-deficit country. The average annual deficit ranges between 1. 5 million and 2. 5 million tons. To achieve self-sustained agricultural growth, several policies have been formulated. Keeping these policies in mind, agricultural management policies have been devised, and inter ventions have been made. However, these have not necessarily yielded the anticipated results.In Bangladesh, the vast majorities of people are landless and work as agricultural laborers (66% of the rural population are landless, agricultural laborers, according to the latest statistics). Although they are the single largest portion of the total population, they are the poorest, most deprived, helpless and neglected. Presently 45% of agricultural laborers have no work at all, and those who do get work have no theorize security or reliable income there is no period of employment specified no fixed wage. Most of the time they are poorly paid. They are not registered and do not have any trade union rights, no chance of bargaining.Agricultural laborers in Bangladesh also have no basic humane rights. A huge percentage of them are inadequate or no housing, no educational opportunities and no rationing facility. Administrative and social oppression upon the land laborers is a common phenom enon. In addition to these concerns, Bangladesh is now facing various types of socio-economic and political problems. Among these, the most difficult, complicated and probably the most important issue is the agrarian apparent motion. One of the fundamental features of the economic backwardness of the agrarian question is very relevant for Bangladesh like any other poor country of Asia.If the agrarian question is addressed properly, the path of national economic development can be found. Land, no doubt, constitutes the most significant basis of sociopolitical power and the common factor of production for the overwhelming majority of the people. Today in Bangladesh the land problem remains as the main social problem it is the main problem affecting the superlative number of people. Ownership of the land, its possession and cultivation, has sociopolitical overtones and economic implications, both simultaneously and mutually reacting around and reinforcing each other.Thus, an approach to locate the problems relating to land and their solution has to be, of necessity, comprehensive, multidimensional and dynamic. As the agricultural sector in Bangladesh has already experienced, these problems, and very recently the path and methods of alternative agriculture, are being talked about. This alternative thinking is often called regenerative, sustainable, ecological, organic or natural agriculture, which are more or less based on the following principles ? Ensure as much or more productivity as chemical agriculture ?Do not disturb the natural environment ? Ensure sustainability ? Put less dependence on external inputs. Beside Agriculture there are several jobs that are done by rural people of our country now a days. Few jobs are related to Agriculture, These jobs are ? bringing up Cattle, Goat, Sheep. ? Poultry Business ? Dairy business ? Fishery Related Jobs ? Village Teacher ? Quack Doctor ? Kamar Black Smith ? Kumar Pot Maker ? Swarnakaar Gold Smith ? Sweeper ? Tan ti Weaver Political institution picThe Peoples Republic of Bangladesh is a unitary, independent and sovereign republic comprising three basic organs the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary. The President is the Head of State and is elected by the members of Parliament. The President acts in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister and the supreme command of the Armed Forces rests with him. The executive power of the Republic is exercised by or on the advice of the Prime Minister who commands the take over of the majority members of Parliament and is appointed by the President.Other Ministers, State Ministers and Deputy Ministers are appointed by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister nominates the cabinet members from among Parliament members and one-tenths of the total members are from outside of the Parliament. The cabinet is collectively accountable to the Parliament. The Government is unitary in structure and parliamentary in form. Conclusion Finally we can s top that Village breeding is full of Loving Caring and Belonging. We can find here Peace Happiness chance to meet with our relatives smell and feel our culture and Tradition.Thats why every year thousands of people run for the Village leaving their Urban Life in their Religious Occasions. Living in urban Life but we have to depend on this village people for food and other product which they produce in the fields. Lastly we can say that every people of our country have to visit their Village simultaneously so that the people and their Generation will always attach with the village Life and Village Culture. And If the Young Generation will Plan to Recover or develop our Village Life than We think that Bangladesh will see Prosperity very soon.Read also Padma Bridge

Bite Me: A Love Story Chapter 9

9. TenderloinIf youre spirit for for a peachy taco in San Francisco, you go to the Mission district. If you want a plate of one-time(prenominal)a, you go to North Beach. Need some dim sum, powdered shark vagina, or ginseng root? Chinatown is your man. hanker for stupidly expensive shoes? Union Square. Want to enjoy a mojito with an attractive, young professional crowd, well youll want to head for the Marina or the SOMA. But if youre looking for some crack, a one-legged whore, or a guy quiescence in a puddle of his own urine, you brookt beat the Tenderloin, which was where Rivera and Cavuto were investigating the report of a scatty person. Well-persons.The theater district seems somewhat deserted today, said Cavuto as he pulled the unmarked Ford into a red zone in front of the inviolate Heart Mission. The Tenderloin was, in fact, also the theater district, which was convenient if you wanted to see a first-rate show in addition to drinking a bottle of Thunderbird and being sta bbed repeatedly.Theyre all at their country homes in Sonoma, you think? Rivera said, with a sense of doom rising inside him standardised nausea. Normally at this time of the morning, the Tenderloin sidewalks ran with grimy rivers of homeless guys looking for their first drink of the day or a place to sleep. Down here you did most of your sleeping during the day. Night was too dangerous. There should experience been a barrier around the block at Sacred Heart, spate waiting for the free breakfast, but the line barely reached out the door.As they walked into the Mission, Cavuto said, You know, this might be the perfect time for you to get one of those one-legged whores. You know, with demand down, you could probably get a freebie, being a cop and all.Rivera stopped, turned, and looked at his partner. A dozen raggedy men in the line looked, too, as Cavuto was blocking the light in the doorway ilk a great, tousled eclipse.I leave bring the little Goth girl to your house and film i t when she makes you cry.Cavuto slumped. Sorry. Its all kind of getting to me. Teasing is the all way I know to take my mind forth of it.Rivera understood. For twenty-five old age hed been an honest cop. Had never taken a dime in bribes, never used superfluous force, had never given special favors to powerful mess, which is why he was still an inspector, but then(prenominal) the redhead happened, and her v-word condition, and the old one and his yacht full of money, and it wasnt like they could tell anyone anyway. The two hundred thousand that he and Cavuto had taken wasnt really a bribe, it was, well, it was compensation for mental duress. It was stressful carrying a secret that you could non only not tell, but that no one would believe if you did.Hey, you know why in that locations so many one-legged whores in the Tenderloin? asked one guy who was wearing a down sleeping bag like a cape.Rivera and Cavuto turned toward the hope of comic relief like flowers to the sun.Fuggin cannibals, said the sleeping bag guy.Not suspect at all. The cops trod on. If you only knew, said Rivera over his shoulder.Hey, where is everybody? asked a woman in a dirty orange parka. You fuckers doing one of your round-ups?Not us, said Cavuto.They moved past the cafeteria line and a sharp young Hispanic man in a priests collar caught their eyes over the heads of the diners and motioned for them to come around the steam tables to the tolerate. cause Jaime. Theyd met before. There were a lot of murders in the Tenderloin, and only a some sane mess who knew the flow of the neighborhood.This way, said commence Jaime. He led them finished a prep kitchen and dish room into a cold concrete hallway that led to their shower room. The father extended a set of keys that were tether to his belt on a cable and opened a vented green door. They makeed bringing it in a week ago, but this morning there must create been fifty people turning stuff in. Theyre freaked.Father Jaime flipped o n a light and stood aside. Rivera and Cavuto entered a room painted sunny chicken and lined with battleship rusty metal shelves. There was clothing piled on every horizontal surface, all covered, in varying degrees, with a greasy gray dust. Rivera picked up a quilted nylon detonator that was partially shredded and spattered with blood.I know that jacket, Inspector. Guy who owns it is named Warren. Fought in Nam.Rivera turned it in the air, trying not to cringe when he saw the pattern of the rips in the cloth.Father Jaime said, I see these guys every day, and theyre always wearing the same thing. Its not like they have a closet full of clothes to choose from. If that jacket is here, then Warren is running around in the cold, or something happened to him.And you havent seen him? asked Cavuto.No one has. And I could tell you stories for most of the rest of these clothes, too. And the fact that clothing is even being turned in means that theres lot of it out there. Street people dont have a lot, but they wont take what they cant carry. That means that this is just what people couldnt carry. Everyone in that dining room is looking for a friend hes lost.Rivera put down the jacket and picked up a pair of work pants, not shredded, but covered in the dust and spattered with blood. You said that you can link these clothes to people you know?Yes, thats what I told the uniformed cop first thing this morning. I know these people, Alphonse, and theyre gone.Rivera smiled to himself at the priest using his first name. Father Jaime was twenty years Riveras junior, but he still spoke to him like he was a kid sometimes. Being called Father all the time goes to their head.Other than being homeless, did these people have anything in common? What I mean is, were they sick?Sick? Everyone on the street has something.I mean terminal. That you know of, were they very sick? malignant neoplastic disease? The virus? When the old vampire had been taking victims, it turned out that nearl y every one of them had been terminally ill and would have died soon anyway.No. Theres no connection other than they were all on the street and theyre all gone.Cavuto grimaced and turned away. He started riffling through the clothing, tossing it around as if looking for a lost sock.Look, Father, can you make us a list of the people these clothes belong to. And add anything you can remember about them. Then I can start looking for them in the hospitals and jail.I only know street names.Thats okay. Do your best. Anything you can remember. Rivera handed him a card. Call me directly if anything else comes up, would you? Unless theres something in progress, calling the uniforms will just put unnecessary steps in the investigation.Sure, sure, said Father Jaime, pocketing the card. What do you think is going on?Rivera looked at his partner, who didnt look up from a dusty pair of shoes he was examining. Im sure theres some explanation. I dont know of any citywide relocation of the homeless, but its happened before. They dont always tell us.Father Jaime looked at Rivera with those priests eyes, those guilt-shooting eyes that Rivera always imagined were on the other side of the confessional. Inspector, we serve four to five hundred breakfasts a day here.I know, Father. You do great work.We served a hundred and ten today. Thats it. Those in line now will be it for today.Well do our best, Father.They moved back through the dining room without looking anyone in the eye. Back in the car, Cavuto said, Those clothes were shredded by claws.I know.Theyre not just hunting the sick.No, Rivera said. Theyre taking anyone on the street. Im guessing anyone who gets caught out alone. some(prenominal) of those people in the cafeteria saw something. I could tell. We should come back and talk to some of them when the priest and his volunteers arent around.No need, really, is there? Rivera was scratching out numbers on his notepad.Theyll talk to the paper, Cavuto said, pulling in behind a cable car on Powell Street, then sighing and resolving himself to move at nineteenth-century speed for a few blocks as they made their way up Nob Hill.Well, first it will be covered as amusing stuff that crazy street people say, then someone is going to notice the bloody clothes and its all going to come out. Rivera added another figure, then scribbled something with a flourish.It doesnt have to come back to us, Cavuto said hopefully. I mean, its not really our fault.Doesnt matter if we get blamed, said Rivera. Its our responsibility.So what are you saying?Im saying that were going to be defending the urban center against a horde of vampire cats.Now that you said it, its real. Cavuto was whining a little.Im going to call that Wong kid and see if he has my UV jacket done.Just like that?Yeah, Rivera said. If you go by Father Jaimes example, theyve eaten about three-quarters of the Tenderloins homeless in, lets call it a week. If you figure maybe three thousand street people in the C ity, youre talk about twenty-two hundred dead already. Someones going to notice.Thats what you were calculating?No, I was trying to figure out if we had enough money to open the bookstore.That had been the plan. Early retirement, then sell rare books out of a quaint little shop on Russian Hill. Learn to golf.We dont, Rivera said. He started to dial Foo Dog when his phone chirped, a sound it hadnt made before.The fuck was that? asked Cavuto.Text message, said Rivera.You know how to text?No. Were going to Chinatown.A little early for eggrolls, isnt it?The message is from Troy Lee.The Chinese kid from the Safeway crew? I dont want to deal with those guys.Its one word.Dont tell me.CATS.Did I not ask you not to tell me?The basketball court off Washington, Rivera said.Have that Wong kid make me one of those sunlight jackets. Fifty long.You get that many lights on you theyll have you flying over stadiums playing Goodyear ads on your sides.

How Does Steinbeck Present Loneliness and Isolation in Of Mice and Men(TM)?

Of Mice and Men was first published in 1937 during the slap-up depression and has had a great impact on workers in America since. Steinbeck got the name of the nurse from a line in a poem To a Mouse by Robert Burns, the poem reads The outstrip laid schemes oMice an Men, gang aft agley, an leae us nought further grief an pain for promisd joy meaning that The best laid schemes of mice and men, Go often wrong, And leaves us nothing but grief and pain, For promised joy This relates to the end of the allow where George shoots Lennie, this is the part where it often wrong because the dream is no longer as big as it was.The book follows the journey of two workers, George and Lennie, travelling from Weed across America to the Tyler ranch in Northern California. The book starts by using descriptive language to set out a picture into the readers mind, Golden foothill slopes Steinbeck makes America sound equal the perfect paradise even with all(a) the racism and discrimination around at that conviction, people still lacked to go there in order to achieve the Ameri tidy sum Dream.The setting of Soledad I approximate, relates to Lennie, Golden foothill slopes curve up to the toughened and unsmooth Gabilan mountains, this echoes Lennies personality as he is calm and gentle and has a golden personality, but if you say something to upset him he will slowly curve up to become strong and full of rage with fists as strong as rock. Lennie is an outcast of the group, linking to isolation as he doesnt reckon everything every star says, and he doesnt know his own strength.Lennie is treat otherwise by al of the men ain the bunk-house because he is child-like He dont mean no harmHes a good guy they are trying to be-friend Lennie after what happened to Curley because they dont want to end up with a crippled hand, when they go into town, Lennie is left behind and the men talk to him like a child, he is a bit slow and doesnt understand why people treat him differently. . Th e people at the bunk-house treat him like a child but they do include him in things like mentality games, whereas Curley hurts him, and Lennie doesnt understand why.George is the brains of the two, whe neer Lennie is in trouble, George is there to get him out of it, this makes Lennie feel like he has a friend and doesnt make him feel lonely. Hide in the clean till I come for you George is showing Lennie that he will never be alone, I got you to look after me, and you got me to look after you they fight like brothers but will never leave each other alone or make each other feel isolated in besides on purpose,.An if a fren come along wed say Why dont you stay the night they would film people who care about them. George has this idea of people like them who work on ranches not having anybody to care about them, With us it aint like that, we got a future George is showing determination to help Lennies dream come true for them to have rabbits to be Lennies friends so he isnt lonely, George wants them to be isolated by having their own land where nobody can hurt them, and they can be a family.I think George does feel lonely but in the way where he cant speak to anybody except for Lennie, George has boundaries for what he can talk to Lennie about in campaign he forgets it or doesnt understand. When they arrive on the ranch, George has a sense of relief when he confides in Slim and tells him what happened back in Weed and also tells him how he used to tease Lennie and thats how they ended up travelling together, George feels less isolated because now he has someone to talk to that understands what happened and he can let it all off his chest without snapping at Lennie.Candy is the oldest worker on the ranch, now no use to anyone due to an injury that occurred on the ranch, he has exclusively one hand. Candy joins George and Lennie in the fight of achieving The American Dream and gives them money for the farmhouse. Spose I went in with you guyshowd that be? Candy starts to feel less lonely because George is at least considering it at this time, whereas the embossment of the workers wouldnt even give him a chance to speak about dreaming of it. He doesnt feel so restricted of where he goes and who he duologue to because he knows he isnt going to be there for much longer.Candy wasnt lonely in the beginning of the book because he had his dog but the rest of the workers thought he was useless He aint no good to you, Candy. An he aint no good to himself I think this makes Candy feel like theyre talk of the town about him which links to the loneliness and isolation because he cant open up to anyone and I think Candy feels threatened by George and Lennies arrival because every time a new worker comes along, it could mean that Candy wont be needed anymore.Candy I think compares to the ash-pile as he has become quondam(a) and more useless but he has become part of the ranch like a landmark. He also compares to the limb which I think represents hi s stump, worn out smooth which relates to Candy always stroking it.Crooks is the only negro on the ranch, he is physically isolated by having a room to himself, in a separate building and not being mentally able to bring himself to talk to any of the workers, when Lennie first encounters Crooks, Crooks tries to get Lennie to feel like he feels, and to understand how it feels to be isolated. The book was written in the 1940s where most of America was segregated, Crooks was segregated and was only allowed to mix with the workers on Christmas.Curleys wife is isolated as she is the only woman on the ranch. She is comprehend as dangerous because she wears red, She is wearing a dress that shows her legs and her lips and nails are red. George tells Lennie to stay away from her because of the dangerous red lips, Candy tells George that shes a tart but George can see that for himself.When Lennie is in the barn burying his puppy, Curleys wife walks in and starts talking about her soft hair , she knew that Lennie was capable of causing severe pain and damage to someone, but she didnt know he was capable of killing someone, Lennie doesnt know his own strength.This is a replay of what happened in Weed as Lennie felt something smooth that he want and couldnt let go.The quote at the end of the book Now what the hell ya suppose is eatin them two guys? These are the very last words in the book and are spoken by Carlson. Carlson only comes into the book when things are linked to loosing family, he shoots Candys dog and shows no sympathy towards him. This suggests that Carlson is a very lonely disposition because he doesnt know what its like to love someone and loose them.Slim shows sympathy and compassion towards George, and looks after him. This suggests that Slim knows what its like to loose family, and I think thats how he ended up alone on the ranch, because he lost his family so he decided to try and achieve the American Dream of make something out of nothing.George h as to let go and put down his own family, by killing Lennie, he also kills the dream, not just his, but Candys aswell. George is now not only alone, but has isolated himself from everyone even more.Crooks predictions have come true which is no surprise to him, hes been there for years and has seen loads of workers have the same dream, but never believed that them would achieve it.The end of the book is left open for you to believe what you want, if you want to believe George and Candy got the farmhouse or whether you think George stayed at the ranch, there is no slump answer so you create your own ending.

Argumentative Essay on Bilingual Education Essay

Bilingualism is the ability to tattle two spoken communications. Bilingual grooming is existenceness taught school subjects in two polar wordss. The United States is home to millions of immigrants each with their own ingrained backgrounds. The United States require the immigrants to learn the full position nomenclatures when subsidence into the rude. The schools should give the opportunity to bilingual students, or brisk student immigrants the advantage to learn the side quarrel or to be taught in two different languages.This would give the students the advantage in acquire two different languages that will help them in the future. They should be commensurate to learn their own native language and speak it in private but also in public, however, they should also be taught the English language whether when inscribeing the country, school, or private tutoring. Bilingual Education should not be forced by the government it should be their own free chose. As the immigrants become more fluent in the English language they will overhear a better chance getting jobs, communication, and helping their own children learn the English language.The United States should not focus only on English Only Movement they should offer the opportunity of Bilingual Education for its citizens, but also keeping English as one of the main languages in the country. First, the United States needs not to focus on making English the only language but work more on helping the naked as a jaybird immigrants learn the English language. The United States needs to do more to prevent the problem of immigrants in the United States having trouble getting jobs or keeping up in the schoolroom because they are not fluent in English.If the immigrants were taught the full English language coming into the country it will help the children in the schoolroom learn easier by keeping up with the instructor and also give the parents the advantage to communicate with their childrens teachers. The immigrants have a chose to choose to learn the English language freely they can still speak their own native language in wherever they want, but should be able to know the English language if they live in the United States. The United States needs to help improve the problems that the immigrants will encounter as they live in the United States and give the new immigrants an equal chance.The United States is a country mixed with different native backgrounds and ethnicties it is always undergoing assimilation of some sort. It is like a salad bowl where not everyone assimilates unitedly but is mixed together. American has a common language and that is English, but American should also not force English only on immigrants or citizens, however, they should teach the new immigrants the English language and still allow them their own native languages. The United States should not single out the immigrants by now allowing them to speak their native language in public and only speak th e English language.Another reason for Bilingualism in the United States is Bilingual Education. Bilingual Education is the learning of school subjects in two languages, the use and knowing of two different languages. The United States should have certain schools passim the country that offer bilingual classes. The students should have the chose to learn some other language or to be taught English while in the mean time they still are able to learn in the native language until the learn the full English language.As the students learn another language they become knowledgeable in the writing, reading, speaking and comprehension of that language. Students in the fourth grade who are Spanish speaking natives have learned the English languages are studied on their knowledge of the two languages. The gathered stories from their families in Spanish and were to rewrite the story in English. The study shows that by having children become bilingual in two languages gave them better opportun ities in life and broaden their skills in the classroom and in the social and cultural world.This study supports the argument on bilingual education for immigrants and also shows the advantages one will have by change state bilingual. As they learn the English language, besides their own native language it can help them in numerous ways. As the students learn English in the classrooms they are not told to forget their own native languages. When students who speak a native language and have not learned the English language enter a classroom full of English speaking students will become intimidated and afraid.The English language is a public language used throughout the country in all different areas. As the students who do not know the English language are forced into a classroom of English only are more than likely going to fall behind the other students from not understanding completely what is being taught and said by the teacher and their own classmates. Students should have th e opportunity to be in a classroom where they are taught the English language but also learning the subjects that are being taught in school.They should have the advantage to learn the subjects in two different languages so that they will have a better understanding of the subjects. After a year or two at least the students should be ready to be placed in a normal English only classroom and be able to do well. It must be a transition for the students as they are prepared for the transfer into a standard English classroom. more student immigrants have made the transition for their own native language to the English language and become better assimilated with the country.Although most student immigrants parents are fluent in their native language most approve of their children being taught another language and becoming bilingual. The parents have a role in their childrens learning another language, however it can be crucial on their childrens development of another language as they c ommunicate with their children in that native language in the retirement of their home. In a study most immigrant parents support bilingual education for their children and few oppose it.They believe that their children being bilingual will give them many advantages, as helping the children in the classroom or leading their children to a high career opportunity. The children are able to speak their native language at their home, but as they speak English at home they are helping their parents also learn the language. When the children know the English language it helps them be able to communicate easier with the consist of the country. Bilingual Education and Bilingualism is not something that can affect the United States in a harmful way.The United States is a free country allowing all immigrants from all diversities come into this country. America should require the new immigrants to learn the full English language so that they are able to communicate with the rest of the countr y and able to get jobs. Schools should give the immigrant students who are not fluent in English the opportunity to learn English and school subjects in their native languages in a separate classroom, until they are fluent enough to keep up with the teacher and the material they are taught in a standard English classroom.If America allows Bilingualism and Bilingual Education then it will give the immigrants a chance at learning English to live in the country comfortably, go to school in English classrooms and work in English jobs. They are still allowed to speak their own native languages in the public and in the concealment of their own home. Bilingualism should not be forced on anyone. It should be a transitional act to help them transform more into the United States.

Walt Disney World Co. vs Aloysia Wood

515 So. 2d 198 (1987) WALT DISNEY WORLD CO. , et al. , Petitioners, v. Aloysia WOOD, et al. , Respondents. Supreme Court of Florida. (with professor edits) Aloysia woodland was injured in November 1971 at the grand prix attraction at Walt Disney World (Disney), when her fiance, Daniel Wood, rammed from the throne the vehicle which she was driving. Aloysia Wood filed suit against Disney, and Disney sought contri hardlyion from Daniel Wood After trial, the jury returned a verdict finding Aloysia Wood 14% at fault, Daniel Wood 85% at fault, and Disney 1% at fault.The jury assessed Woods damages at $75,000. The court entered judgment against Disney for 86% of the damages. Disney subsequently moved to alter the judgment to confer the jurys finding that Disney was solo 1% at fault. The court denied the motion. On appeal, the fourth district affirmed the judgment **** In Hoffman v. Jones, 280 So. 2d 431 (Fla. 1973), this Court discarded the overshadow of contributory negligence, which Florida had followed since at least 1886, and adopted the pure comparative negligence standard. *** In adopting comparative negligence, this Court expressly declared two purposes for the change in judicial policy (1) To allow a jury to apportion fault as it sees fit between derelict parties whose negligence was part of the legal and proximate cause of any loss or injury and (2) To apportion the total damages resulting from the loss or injury according to the proportionate fault of distributively party. ***** The real issue before us is whether we should right away replace the doctrine of joint and several liability with one in which the liability of co defendants to the plaintiff is parceled out according to each defendants respective fault.According to Disney, this Court in Hoffman set for itself the goal of creating a tort system that fairly and equitably allocated damages according to the degrees of fault. Therefore, a defendant should only be held responsible to the extent of his fault in the same way as a plaintiff under comparative negligence. union and several liability is a judicially created doctrine. Louisville N. R. R. v. Allen, 67 Fla. 257, 65 So. 8 (1914). This Court may alter a rule of law where great cordial upheaval dictates its necessity. Hoffman, 280 So. 2d 435. The social pheaval which is said to expect occurred here is the fundamental alteration of Florida tort law encompassed by the credence of comparative negligence. Following the adoption of comparative negligence, some states have passed laws eliminating joint and several liability, and the courts of several others have judicially abolished the doctrine. E. g. , Brown v. Keill, 224 Kan. 195, 580 P. 2d 867 (1978) Bartlett v. New Mexico Welding Supply, Inc. , 98 N. M. 152, 646 P. 2d 579 (Ct. App. ), cert. denied, 98 N. M. 336, 648 P. 2d 794 (1982) Laubach v. Morgan, 588 P. 2d 1071 (Okla. 1978). The Kansas Supreme Court in Brown v.Keill minded There is nothing inherently fair abou t a defendant who is 10% at fault covering 100% of the loss, and there is no social policy that should compel defendants to pay more than their fair share of the loss. Plaintiffs now take the parties as they find them. If one of the parties at fault happens to be a spouse or a governmental agency and if by reason of some competing social policy the plaintiff cannot receive payment for his injuries from the spouse or agency, there is no compelling social policy which requires the codefendant to pay more than his fair share of the loss.The same is true if one of the defendants is wealthy and the other is not. Brown, 224 Kan. at 203, 580 P. 2d at 874. On the other hand, the majority of courts which have faced the issue in jurisdictions with comparative negligence have ruled that joint and several liability should be retained. E. g. , Arctic Structures, Inc. v. Wedmore, 605 P. 2d 426 (Alaska 1979) American ride Assn v. Superior Court, 20 Cal. 3d 578, 578 P. 2d 899, 146 Cal. Rptr. 182 (1978) Tucker v. Union Oil Co. , 100 Idaho 590, 603 P. 2d 156 (1979) Coney v. J. L. G. Industries, Inc. 97 Ill. 2d 104, 73 Ill. Dec. 337, 454 N. E. 2d 197 (1983) Kirby Bldg. Sys. v. mineral Explorations, 704 P. 2d 1266 (Wyo. 1985). The Illinois Supreme Court in Coney v. J. L. G. Industries, Inc. gave four reasons justifying the retention of joint and several liability (1) The feasibility of apportioning fault on a comparative basis does not render an indivisible injury divisible for purposes of the joint and several liability rule. A concurrent tortfeasor is liable for the integral of an indivisible injury when his negligence is a proximate cause of that damage.In many instances, the negligence of a concurrent tortfeasor may be sufficient by itself to cause the good loss. The mere fact that it may be possible to assign some percentage figure to the relative culpability of one negligent defendant as compared to another does not in any way suggest that each defendants negligence is not a proximate cause of the entire indivisible injury. (2) In those instances where the plaintiff is not guilty of negligence, he would be forced to bear a portion of the loss should one of the tortfeasors prove financially unable to satisfy his share of the damages. 3) Even in cases where a plaintiff is partially at fault, his culpability is not equivalent to that of a defendant. The plaintiffs negligence relates only to a lack of due care for his own safety while the defendants negligence relates to a lack of due care for the safety of others the latter is tortious, but the former is not. (4) Elimination of joint and several liability would work a serious and unwarranted deleterious effect on the ability of an injured plaintiff to obtain adequate compensation for his injuries. Coney, 97 Ill. 2d at 121-22, 73 Ill.Dec. at 345, 454 N. E. 2d at 205 (citations omitted). ***** While recognizing the logic in Disneys position, we cannot say with demonstration that joint and several liab ility is an unjust doctrine or that it should necessarily be eliminated upon the adoption of comparative negligence. In view of the public policy considerations armorial bearing on the issue, this Court believes that the viability of the doctrine is a matter which should best be decided by the legislature. Consequently, we approve the decision of the district court of appeal. It is so ordered.

Great Expectations: Dickens writing is purely political

Charles deuce was born on the 7th of February 1812, only before the time that is know as the Victorian Era. Dickens was a political journalist before becoming an author, which may well have helped him to deliver his political messages in his books. Dickens does this well at this, for example from study Great Expectations integrity can clearly understand his views on social classes and how he wants to manipulate a swop by expressing them to the public, mainly the rich. finish up is the paladin and narrator in Great Expectations. Just from his name we can learn some of Dickens messages. Pip, is a very short name. Dickens named him Pip to show that just because your small in society, that doesnt mean you cant become big. As pip grew up, and rose in the social classes, Dickens is selling the rich that the distressing have authorisation to be big in society.Pip then explains how he never came to know his father or mother because they had passed away when he was too new to know t hem. The readers volition feel sympathy for pip at this point. Dickens also adds humour to the scene, when he has pip describe his parents by the style of report on their tombstones, for example when he describes his dad he was a square, stout, dark man Dickens also uses this to render out a youthful purity in Pip, as when the convict, Magwitch, asks him about his parents, Pip recites them as they appear on the tombstone.When Magwitch is introduced by Dickens, describe by Pip as a fearful man, the readers go forth feel concerned for Pip and his safety. However, they will also feel pity for the man, as Pip describes him as a man with no hat and with downhearted shoes. Dickens does a good job at making the readers feel pity for both Pip and Magwitch at the same time.The readers will feel manage they need to help Pip, as he is threatened with danger when Magwitch says Ill cut your throat Although Pip is overpowered by the convict, he is still very polite and assortment to him, for example pip replies with Sir frequently, showing a sign of respect and good manner. This tells the readers that just because a person is poor, Pip in this case, that it doesnt mean they are non a gentlemen. Pip is also honest with Magwitch, further emphasizing Dickens views. Dickens has Pip be polite to Magwitch this is because Dickens wants the readers to see how Gentleman-like poor people real are.Dickens has Magwitch force Pip to get him some food, by threatening him with an evil companion of his. We soon learn that this companion is actually made up. Dickens does this so that Magwitch is not as evil as he seems to be, and is in someway saving Pip from the so-called menace. It also shows how desperate Magwitch is for food, and how desperate poor people would go just to live.Onto chapter 8, the readers are introduced to a Mr. Pumblechook. Dickens has added this character to create humour and to emphasize his political messages. Mr Pumblechook thought that he was a human be cause he was rich. Yet when contrasted to Pip, Pip is the real gentleman. Dickens message is vibrant and clear you do not need to be rich to be a gentleman.Dickens has Mr. Pumblechook ask Pip a lot of questions, such as Seven times nine, boy? Pip does not know the answer this is because he is not educated. Immediately the readers will feel sympathy for Pip, as they feel that he deserves one. This will also give the readers the assumption that Mr. Pumblechook. As Pip described, he was unable to eat his breakfast as Mr. Pumblechook kept asking him questions he knew he couldnt answer, and so theoretically stopping him from eating. Dickens uses this to deliver his message that in order to be fed, one must be educated. This will make the rich believe that the poor deserve education. It will make the readers believe Mr. Pumblechook is a selfish man.Mr. Pumblechook adds humour to the scene because he can be classed as a wanna-be rich person. Both social classes will find this funny so it i s an appealing way of Dickens to keep the readers interested and enjoying the book, whilst sharing his political views. Dickens also gave him the name Pumblechook because it doesnt sound very serious, like he is. It will make him sound more like a joke than a gentleman.When Pumblechook takes Pip to Miss. Havishams house, Pip meets Estella, the cruel invention of Mrs. Havishams own madness. Estellas beauty amazes him. However Pip learns that she does not reflect her outer looks on the inside, and instead is cruel on the inside. The message here is simple the rich look nice on the outside, heretofore lack that goodness on the inside.Mrs. Havisham, who adopted Estella, is the owner of the mansion Pip is visiting. She is a mad and vengeful woman, corrupting Estella to break Pips heart as her fianc had through previously. This shows how the rich are selfish of other peoples feelings, and in this case, Pip, the poor young boy. It will make the rich audience think about how they treat the poor, and make Dickens messages successful.The rich also put a lot of pressure on the poor, as demonstrated in Chapter 8. When Pip was playing with Estella, she makes remarks at the difference surrounded by the classes. He calls the knaves, jacks, this boy and what coarse hands he has And what thick boots This shows that she is disrespectful to Pip because he is poor and uneducated. This also puts pressure on Pip to change Pip wanted to change because he liked Estella, but knew he she would never like him if he wasnt a gentleman. Also, when Miss. Havisham asks Pip about his feelings for Estella, he nervously and shyly replies I dont like to say. Miss. Havisham replies Tell me in my ear. This shows a sign of disrespect and omit to what Pip has to say, and politically Dickens uses to describe how the rich disregard what the poor have to say in society.Miss. Havishams house is very big and beautiful. However on the inside, it is old and ugly, the standing still of all the pale shi tty objects is an example. Dickens does this because it is a representation of how Dickens portrays the rich. It is also to describe how the rich cover their outside with nice clothes to hide the cruelty on the inside.From chapter one and 8 of Great Expectations, the statement above could be proved true Dickens writing is purely political. Dickens use of characters, contrast, setting, metaphors, and description, has inserted many messages in expert ways so that the reader will learn of them. Dickens is not only a political writer, but is an outstanding writer all together. His office to combine a great story with political meanings is perhaps why he is known as one of the best novelists of all time.

Japan & higher education Essay

Many parents in Japan firmly believe that higher(prenominal) culture will ensure wagerer po poseions, higher incomes, and top-notch life-styles for their children. Some even go into debt, spending over 60 one thousand million yen ($480,000, U. S. ) to put a child done the best private schools and universities. Do they reap the expected dividends? In reality . . . the judgment no longer holds true, says the Mainichi Daily News. There are not enough privileged positions to accept them, and umpteen have had to accept corporate positions formerly filled by high school graduates.While intermediate lifetime earnings were higher for university graduates206. 55 million yen ($1,650,000, U. S. ) as opposed to 192. 93 million yen ($1,540,000, U. S. ) for high school graduate office workersJapanese parents may realize some daytime that the gaps are too sm every last(predicate) to merit a serious burden on their ho characterhold economy, says the paper. almost of the parents around the world, or even mature individuals at that see education as a stepping rock and roll towards a better future for all.Moreover, attaining a higher level of assumeing is believed to ensure the state individuals of better lives in the future as they are effrontery the exact gainsays that they are to face in the positive market that they are to serve after they have attended their scholastic appointments. This is the reason why the objectives of higher education is further focused in the way that the curriculum of the education actually pursues the concerns and the entities of the national further of the countries around the world.It is through this that the systems of higher education in terms of aiding the society with the knowledge that they are delinquent of receiving from the institutions. To prove this fact the following statements have been made by the article on the changes on 3rd education General objectives of higher education are sustainable national development optimi zing and the production of parvenu knowledge. (http//www. see-educoop. net/education_in/pdf/bela_knjiga-09-cro-enl-t02. pdf) From this particular statement, it is noticeably obvious that the aims of higher education are focused on implying a much better possibility for national progress.This is in like manner the primary reason why the enhancement of the member is strongly initiated through its integration within the systems of technological advancements much(prenominal) as synchronous learning and early(a) online based learning systems as per offered to several adult learners who have lesser time that could be pass on going to school and taking up formal physical classes. The said innovative spirit of education actually makes it possible for a huge number of higher education learners to grasp their lessons through online classes that are held practical(prenominal)ly through the internet connections that the institutions have towards their school-age childs.How is this pro cess primarily applied? Virtual schools as well as virtual training syllabuss work in a way that a soulfulness or a student in that matter who is a member of a virtual program is given his or her own security number, which serves as a security access to the virtual class. Then, the virtual lessons could already be presented to that member in a virtual class setting. The instruction in such classes usually occurs between a panel or a group of instructors interacting with at a utmost number of 200 students around the globe simultaneously. (Robins, 2003, p 6)The students are aided with the knowledge they need to study their lessons better with the use of online libraries, electronic sources and both visual and audio materials used for better explanation of the up to(p) matter being tackled (Robins, 2003, p 8). Virtual learning started in the year 1996, when Virtual High naturalize had been first established in Canada. The said virtual school offered two complete courses on biota and Canadian literature. The said school grew into becoming groups of interconnected classes and became among the pioneer providers of virtual education (Carchidi, 2001, p 21).The challenge of offering online courses and assisting students online proved to be a challenge for these pioneers but they strived and thus were able to survive up until the present time. Today they are known to have been hosting at least a thousand students from all over the globe and assisting these people attain their goals of both gaining more knowledge and finishing a ground level at their own convenience (Preston, 2004, p 22). Virtual learning is closely related to the systems used by home schooling only that this time instructors are able to completely communicate with their students through the Internet. non to mention the high tech monstrance of information through the integration of technological presentations along with the presentation of the subject matter, and the convenience brought about by t he internet connection to the students and the easier understanding brought about by the innovations in this form of education really brings major changes in the modern learning process. Today, this form of learning had also been integrated in public schools in the United States.This had been designed to assist especially students who have a hard time learning their subjects through simple classroom presentations. In this case, a student is asked to sit in front of the computer and be connected to an instructor through the Internet and is thus support using media presentations. Other high-tech materials used for the said educational system are Adobe products and articles, Jasc Products, as well as Macromedia. (Preston, 2004, p 24) Aside from this, other institutions also include Corel Products as a cheaper variation of the ones mentioned earlier.In this way, learning becomes easier, not to mention that the student could access these institutional provisions completely uninvolved of charge. When it comes to the pricing and location of the virtual classes, at times these classes are free or if not, the parents or the students at that needs to pay a minimal amount of money to obtain certain services. Grading and student evaluation processes are still done by the instructors with the help of electronic systems within the computer programs. In this way, the students are given assistance in the areas of learning they specially need help with.Yes, in this way, education is provided with the highest level of effectiveness. Along with this, seeing that online learning had been exceptionally effective for students, several vocation companies began to see the benefits of the said learning program (Rothwell, 2006, p 2). In this regard, several companies around the globe opted to avail the benefits of online training, having been able to learn through the Internet without spending so much for the venue, the materials and other food expenses compared to that of traditio nal training methods.Surely, business companies mostly benefit from this way of training. Indeed, although virtual training gives the most beneficial way of learning for both the companies and the employees as well, it could not be denied that these changes taken by business organizations post several challenges for the company itself. In this regard, it is not only the employees who need to be trained but the administrators as well.This issue then opens the questions regarding the challenges given by adult learning difficulties as well as usage of technology for learning shall be a matter of concern for the organization. The main challenges of online learning programs is the fact that training people using technology requires a lot of skills on the part of the facilitators and the instructors. In this regard, several writers placed some patterns, which new facilitators could use to be able to come up with effective and efficient learning programs provided through the Internet.

Parties and party systems: A framework for analysis Essay

Political partiesIntroduction Political parties atomic soma 18 point in nations all(a) over the human and politicians use parties as a way to outline their efforts in order to be elected. Political parties ignore be seen as social movements, with politicians look foring to persuade concourse to consider their caller. However, they have created legitimacy in a nation with widespread approval of institutional or government power. Although policy-making parties have varying ranks of participation in their corresponding governments, many nations are utilize to permit members of several governmental parties to be represented inthe ratio with a prevalent electoral vote. Moreover, former(a) nations comprise of only one governmental companionship and still otherwise nations are controlled by a small number of political parties. Consequently, political system of America has extensively been described as a dickens politicalparties nation. This has endured persistent, although t he political parties which were in charge have been modified and there are a number of outlooks as to why this is so (De Leon, 2004). The dickens major(ip) parties in the United distinguish have failed to meet the expectations of their followers. Their supporters are looking forward for a day when other political parties impart have a say in the United adduce, a day when they will vote for a president from another troupe other than the Democrat or Republican. Is not that they are no other political parties in the United enounce, but there are small parties that cannot fit in the original political system (Mann, 2013). Two- caller system was introduced in the United State by Alexander Hamiltons with an aim of introducing a new political era. The system was effective because there was healthy competition among the Republicans and the Democrats for many years. However, this system has been misused by the genuine political leaders. According to Popkin (2012), in the past, Repub lican were cognize for their interest on matters of private enterprise and government while the Democrats were well known for their fighting gist when it comes to the issues of the common man and labor rights. Currently there has been a dramatic shift in these responsibilities because politicians of some(prenominal) parties have become selfish, self-centered and corrupt. Republicans leaders supports lobbying groups which they well know that they have huge number of followers a good example is the gay marriage group which was in support by the republicans in 2012 presidential elections. The common people are left to suffer and that is a good cerebrate why voters are looking for another presidential candidate from a different ships company other than republicans or democrats. United State needs another party which will be heavy(a)en. Citizens need a party that will consider the rights of all citizens regardless of their race, gender or financial status. A party that will not s upport lobbying groups and its leaders will not be self-centered or corrupt. The moderate party will be run with transparency and thus they will be free to articulate the truth to its followers. This party will force the democrats and the republicans to change their leadership system, and thus the Democrats and the Republican will try to copy the moderate party policies. All that is the dream of the voters who are tired of the twain-party system in the United State and maybe it will come to reality one day (Ornstein, 2013). The republicans and the democrats have a strong influence in the government because they believe if they are in the government, they have the rules. This slogan makes it hard for other parties to rise inthe United States (Mair, 2005). The two parties are rich and thus they have all the silver to support their presidential candidates. This enhances the popularity of the candidate and thus they end up winning the elections. The solution to this dominance of the two political parties is that all the presidential candidates should be publically funded so that they can be given advert list of money for their campaigns. Voters now will be free to elect leaders not because of their political parties or financial status but because of their ideology. The report of the two political parties in the United State and the demand for a change from the voters is interesting to everybody in the whole world. People all over the world find this topic of political system in the United State interesting because of its uniqueness. Many egalitarian countries have multi-party system where various political parties are involved in the government compared to the United State where there are only two horses. A lot of people tend to study this topic in order to know how the government is run by the two parties, how elections are conducted with only two candidates and why the other parties fail to rise in this system. Demand by voters for another moderate part y is the most interesting issue in this topic, but will the current dominance of the republicans and democrats allow this change? And who will introduce this moderate party? This is the most interesting topic in the Americans politics (McAuliffe, 2007). The current evolution of politics in the United States must include numerous political parties to vie for the judicature position and other positions. The idea of considering only two parties does not fulfill the rights of political development in any governing nation and inclusion of one- trio parties should loosely be deliberated. Though the American political structure has reliably been in this two party system, third parties occasionally stimulate elections and the candidates for those third party still sometime obtain elected posts in various states. The two party system is an potent system of politics because the two parties recognizes their mutual interests and they can keep for third party from gaining popularity and im pact (Holt, 1992). cutting parties bring new ideas and philosophies in the world of politics. Collaboration of the two main parties to keep any other competitor party from gaining ground extremely brings a difficult challenge to any incoming third party. Since the representation of the Green Party in the 1984 election, where it acted as the third party, deduction can be make that third parties have lacked interest in politics. Inclusion of third parties comprises much significance to many citizens and the same(p) time offer swell threat to the dominating parties. Third parties embrace people who feel potently about a certain issue because that party focuses exclusively on it and this party can be closely tied to a particular region, which can raise their appeal. A third political party suggests numerous government practices and policies which lead to progress in a state generally. Third parties accomplish an effect on the political landscape and they have been having more achiev ement in elections than before (Conor and Lem, 2006). If there is an inclusion of a third party in the current politics of the United States, major and prominent parties (Republican and Democrat) can address positively on divisible problems ascribable to pressure and stiff competition. Moreover, third party equal the Green Party can challenge one of the dominant party on various issues such as social justice while the other third party can position problems to the other major party. In simple terms, candidates of third party speak more honestly and freely than their major party opponents, addressing issues and facts that the foremost parties would often prefer to disregard. The reason behind this is because third parties usually consider themselves as having little chance of winning thus displaying their infidelity to the citizens (Hirano, 2007). Snyder and Hirano (2007) have stated various factors which have potentially contributed to the existence of a two party system in the U nited States. One of the factors that influence mostly is the state of the economy in America. The state of the economy in America discourages the third party due to its necessities since third parties are just developing parties. Therefore, they do not have adequate funds to fare the status of the economy. High cost of political campaigns contributes greatly to lack of third political in the politics of the United States. The cost of managing and maintaining campaigns in all states of America is extremely high and this is a disadvantage to third parties because of inadequate funds. In addition, the rise of candidate-centered politics and political power at the national level has resulted to the two party system. However, electoral legislation which has influenced America is the Australian ballot whereby it involves restrictions as to who can appear on it. These limits create high obstacles which can only be controlled by any political with high amount of money. In conclusion, thes e views and opinions can be considered as theory which needs to be validated in the political system of America. All factors leading to the deterioration of third parties can be tied to diversity. A great compact of resistance happens between political parties due to pressure on competition of generating voters thus modify the democracy of a nation. Existence of political parties ensures that there is no political perspective ignored and may be the reason the two party systems is well accepted in America. Generally, the dominance of third party in the political system of America will highly influence and modify its development. The foundation of all factors that are hindering the existence of a third party is based on the current political system in America and this gives an impression that with most factors considered, it is possible for things to change.ReferencesDe Leon, C. (2004). Radicals in Our Midst the American survey of Capitalism inHirano, S. and James M. Snyder, Jr. (20 07). The Decline of Third-Party Voting in the United States The Journal of Politics, 691.Holt, M. F. (1992). Political parties and American political development From the age of Jackson to the age of Lincoln. Baton Rouge lah State University Press.Lem, S. B., and Conor M. D. (2006). Picking Their Spots Minor PartyCandidates in Gubernatorial Elections Political Research Quarterly, 593. salve April 6, 2012. Available JSTORMann, T. E., & Ornstein, N. J. (2013). Its even worse than it looks How the American constitutional system collided with the new politics of extremism. brisk York Basic Books.McAuliffe, T., & Kettmann, S. (2007). What a party My life among Democrats presidents, candidates, donors, activists, alligators, and other wild animals. New York Thomas Dunne Books.Popkin, S. L. (2012). The candidate What it takes to win, and hold, the pureness House. New York Oxford University Press.Sartori, G., & Mair, P. (2005). Parties and party systems A framework for analysis. Colche ster ECPR.The Chicago Two-Party System, 1833-1867. Paper presented at the Annual merging ofthe American Sociological Association San Francisco, California.Source document

Biography – Herman Von Fehling

Herman von Fehling was a German chemist, who developed Fehlings effect which was used for estimations of sugar. The Fehlings resoluteness is a chemical test used to differentiate between water-soluble carbohydrates and ketone functional groups, and as a test for monosaccharide. When working with Fehlings solution, Fehling took extra precautionary measurements when working in the laboratory. He created two separate solutions known as Fehlings A and Fehlings B.Fehlings A is a blue solution of Copper II, Sulfate, while Fehlings B is a clear solution of potassium, sodium, tartrate (Rhochelle Salt) and a strong bag (Sodium hydroxide). The volumes of the two mixtures are mixed to get the final Fehlings solution. In this mixture, the aqueous tartrate ions from the dissolved Rochelle salt ions from the dissolved Copper II sulfate, as bidentate ligands handsome bistartratocuprate II. The tartarate ions, by completing copper, prevent the formation of Cu(OH)2 from the reaction of CuSO42H2O and NaOH in the solution.Fehlings solution is an oxidizing agent in the Bistartratocuprate II and the active reagent in the test. The merge being tested is added to Fehlings solution and the mixture is heated. The aldehydes are oxideized, giving a positive conduce, but ketones do not reacte, unless they are alpha-hydroxy-ketones. The bistratratocuprate II is a complex oxidizes the aldehyde to the carboxylate anion, and in the process the copper II ions of the xomplex are reduced to Copper I ions.A negative result is the absence of the red precipitate Fehlings will NOT work with aromatic aldehydes in that fictitious character Tollens reagent a chermical reagent most commonly used to determine whether a known carbonyl contation compound is an aldehyde or a ketone, a positive test with Tollens reagent sults in elemental silver hurriedness out of solution, occasionally outo the interior surface of the tube, productiona characteristic and memorable silver mirror on the inner serface should be used.Fehlings earlier work included investigations of succinic acid, spirit of amber (white, odorless material plays a role in citric acid cycle, an energy-yielding process) and the preparation of phenyl cyanide (benzonitrile organic compound, with a scented almond odor). After many scientific discoveries or investigations Fehling started to lean more towards technology and public wellness rather than interpersonal chemistry.Fehling started to work with estimation of sugars (Fehlings Solution) which was a solution of copper sulfate mixed with alkali and potassium sodium tartrate (Rochelle Salt). Fehling was born June 25, 1812 and died July 1, 1885, Fehling attended Heidelberg University around 1835 with the intention of taking pharmacy when entering. After grade he went to Gieben as a preparateur to Justus von Liebig, whom he created the composition of paraldehyde and metdehyde.After his discover with Sugar he contributed into the composition of Graham-Otto Textboo k of Chemistry & Handworterbuch with Friedrich Wholer and Johann Christian Poggendorff. Fehling became a member of the committee of the Pharmacopoeia Germanica and he was appointed to the chair of chemistry in the polytechnic in Stuttgart for 45 years. He died in Stuttgart in 1885.