Hrm-595-62172 Negotiation Skills

FIELD ANALYSIS: UNDERSTANDING THE KEY PARTIES AND THEIR ROLE IN A NEGOTIATION Instructions: For purposes of this assignment, assume that you are the negotiator who is tasked with a salary (on call time, step increases, overtime for captains and majors) and benefits (insurance while employed, insurance after retirement, accrual of leave time, retirement multipliers) dispute between a large municipal county with a strong mayor and the sheriff’s department for the county. You are negotiating the contract on behalf of the sheriff’s office.The purpose of this activity is to give you an opportunity to construct a field analysis on your relationship with a specific other negotiator. This tool should be helpful when negotiators have to consider multiple parties—on their own side and on the other side—who can affect a negotiation outcome, and whose needs and interests must be considered. YOU/YOUR TEAMOTHER/OTHER’S TEAM 1. Who is on my team on the field? (A) —Me —The Sheriff’s office 2. Who is on their team on the field? (B) —Large municipal county Mayor 3. Who is on my sidelines who can affect the play of the game? (C) —Back up players (Captains, Majors, Retirees, Insurance Company, Community Organizations, National Sheriff’s Association, Court Agents) 3. Who is on their sidelines who can affect the play of the game? (C) —Back up players (Unions, Employees, Councilmen/Freeholders, Business Owners) 4. Who is in my stands that are involved and interested, either directly or indirectly? (D) —Residents —Business Owners —Employees —Media 6.Who is in their stands that are involved and interested, either directly or indirectly? (D) —Residents —Business Owners —Employees —Media 7. What elements outside the stadium have an interest in the game, or can affect our game in positive or negative ways (E): —Depending upon how a Sheriff is a ppointed, an election can +/- affect the rules in our negotiation; —Change in climate can come from community support and national association lobbying —Concession from the mayor and municipality —The police department can be a competitor . What elements outside the stadium have an interest in the game, or can affect their game in positive or negative ways (E): —Depending upon how a Sheriff is appointed, an election can +/- affect the rules in our negotiation; —Negative media coverage highlighting the mayor when there may be a large constituency in favor of the Sheriff’s point of view, may change the climate —Other competitors may include a mayoral candidate seeking to gain support and using the negotiations as a platform to garner support

Creative Writing †Darkness Essay

I suddenly awoke. It was three in the morning. It seemed like the whole world was sleeping but me. The silence, sinister. I felt the weight of the darkness pushing on me. My mind darted from one nightmare scenario to the next, the fear of the unknown overwhelmed me and I was paranoid about vicious intrusionsMy bedroom door was wide open. My eyes darted around the room, hunting for anything different, any dark silhouettes lurking in the darkness. I failed to find anything out of the ordinary. This only increased my paranoia even more. I felt as though I was fighting a war with the darkness, darting from one trench to the next, fleeing for my life. I groped around the darkness to find the light switch on my bedside lamp. I flipped the light†¦ Light†¦ Safety. I immediately felt relieved. I listened carefully for any noises. I could only hear the buzz of electricity in the light above me that gave me a sense of safety, and the beating of my terrified heart. Just as I began to calm down and convinced myself that everything was alright, I remembered that I left the back door unlocked and the window gaping open, inviting in the strangers that lurked in the shadows. I soon found myself once again paranoid and quickly turned back to the light†¦ Light†¦ Comfort. I knew the only way I could get to sleep was to lock that door and the window. The darkness weighed on me. Even with light streaming throughout my room, I still felt a little uneasy, like the darkness pressed up against my window trying to attack me. I encouraged myself that all I had to do was quickly go down the stairs and down the hallway to the back door and the window that was splayed open. Who was I trying to kid? I was freaked out. As I nervously stepped out of my room, the floorboards creaked underneath me as if it was a warning not to go out of the safety of my lit up room and into the horrifying darkness. I cautiously looked down the stairs in to the inky blackness below. Biting my lip, I started to make my way down the stairs. The light switch is at the bottom. I looked behind me, one last peek of light before I carried on descending the stairs into the unknown. I stepped down from step to step cautiously. Each step dragged me further into the darkness and further away from the safety of the light. I reached the bottom of the stairs. I ran my hands along the wall, my fingers sought the light switch. Flick! Light†¦ Reassurance. A quick few strides across to the door. I hastily bolted the door. I turned to the right, facing the open window. A gust of wind swirled around me, enveloping me with cold air making the hair on my skin stand on end under protruding goose bumps. I abruptly latched the window shut. I sighed with relief and turned and walked back to the staircase. I reached the base of the stairs. My hand hovered over the light switch. I took a deep breath and turned the light off. I was forced to plunge myself back into the darkness. I began to count down the steps as I ascended the stairs. Twelve†¦ Eleven†¦ Ten†¦ Nine†¦ Eight†¦ Seven†¦ Six†¦ I momentarily paused. Halfway†¦ Five†¦. Four†¦. Three†¦ Nearly there†¦ Two†¦ One. I stepped back into the welcoming arms of the light in my room. I leaped back into the warmth of my bed. I reached my arm across to turn my bedside lamp off, my hand suspended in mid air as my mind raced back to the events of a few moments ago. I withdrew my arm and hand, returning them to the warmth beneath my covers. I decided that tonight, the light would stay on†¦ Light†¦ Security.

W3 DQs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

W3 DQs - Assignment Example China has viewed Taiwan leaders as stubborn although this was not a difficult demand to fulfill, and had considered war on the region as a means of ending the crisis. Once war is accepted as the only solution with respect to this crisis, respect for the majority of citizens in both China and Taiwan are at risk and more so, laws on peace and human rights violations. Offensive trial missiles by both China and Taiwan are arguably among the key attempts to spur out war. This show of military and missile supremacy where each country does so close to the boarders of the other is considered provocative. It is obvious that there is a Despite the numerous suggestions of solutions to this problem, there is continued defiance from both parties. The disarmament law that was formulated after the First World War, which tries to discourage mass accumulation of arms and possibilities of occurrence of war, is at stake. Despite the efforts that the United States has put in to resolve the Taiwan status peacefully, there still exist the challenge posed by international events and political developments in Taipei and Beijing. Not only has these events and developments jeopardized US efforts, but also it has created fresh tension between the US and China as well as Taiwan and the mainland. With a strong economic bond, that joins Taiwan and the mainland, resolving the Taiwan status through war would be the last option for both parties. Romberg has reported increased economic interaction between mainland and Taiwan. Political development in Beijing is traced back in 1996, during the Chinese military exercises and missile tests (Miskel, 4). These tests proved to be unusually close to Taiwan. The tests also seemed to be a show of naval and air operations that China would presumably employ in an invasion of Taiwan. (Romberg, 5) On its part, Taipei is said to have made necessary preparation for possible attacks from the mainland.

Second Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Second - Personal Statement Example His parents took him to there. After just a week, Tom was able to perfectly create some unique designs using his laptop. With patience, the college teachers helped Tom to expand his skills and knowledge. It did not take long, when tom started creating several designs. Within a year, Tom was designing very effective program like Photoshop and illustrator. After his college time, Tom took his time and embarked on a mission to create variety of programs that he hoped to market in foreign countries. Tom’s dream came true. Within a period of four months after college, he succeeded to create two effective programs i.e. a Photoshop and an illustrator. These two programs he had created opened his ways. He contacted a very popular company in our city which agreed to adopt his illustrator program in their operations. Later after sealing that deal, Tom embarked on a mission to achieve his dream of marketing his work in foreign countries. He contacted Lam Tra Company in UAE and shared his work with them. This has given Tom who was initially a cripple, an international reputation. When I learned of Tom’s success last summer when I visited them, I felt ashamed. I began working on my talents .I joined my sister and his friend who had started a new company, and they were working on their first cartoon project. They allowed me to serve as a marketing manager, a role I have played perfectly since my first day of

Factors Used to Measure the Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Factors Used to Measure the Economy - Essay Example The essay "Factors Used to Measure the Economy" talks about such economic factors as the GDP, employment levels, inflation levels and the interest rates and tries to identify which of them is the best for this purpose. The GDP of a country is taken to be the value of all goods and services that are provided within the economic system. It can also be the total value which is added to a product at every stage of production whether the final product is a good or a service. It is measured on a period to period basis, therefore, it allows for easy comparisons to show how the economy has grown or shrunk over time. If the GDP of the United States grows from 10 trillion dollars to 11 trillion dollars in real terms over a one year period then it can be said that the American economy itself has grown by a trillion dollars in one year. Inflation level and interest rates are often connected with each other since both of them are dealing with the level of money which is being supplied to the economy. They are also popular in the media since they connect deeply with people’s abilities to borrow money and their money purchasing more goods and services (inflation). Interest rates refer to the cost of borrowing money which can be controlled by the government to slow down the economy if it appears to be overhearing or to increase economic output if the economy seems to be slowing down. Increasing inflation often means that prices are rising and unless wages keep up with rising prices, the standard of life for individuals is bound to go down.

Essay on Down Syndrome Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

On Down Syndrome - Essay Example The intellectual disability causes an individual to lag behind in his development of communication skills, social abilities and even his ability to take care of his own self in a proper manner. Teaching and support services for the individuals with intellectual disabilities is designed in a completely different manner and is targeted to meet their learning and problem solving requirements. Creative and interactive teaching ideas should be implemented in order to obtain maximum results. Visual, audio and interactive lesson methods should be applied and the difficult ideas and problems should be made comprehensive for the learners. American Association of Intellectual and Development Disabilities are directed towards support services and development support for such individuals (The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints 2012). Fig 1: An image of a Down Syndrome Child accompanied by teaching services personnel (The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints 2012). Down syndrome i s defined as a condition caused by a genetic defect which results in both physical and intellectual limitations in the affected individual. The normal number of chromosomes in an individual is 46 but in a Down syndrome individual the chromosome number is 47 instead (National Association for Down Syndrome 2012). It is considered as one of the most common syndromes present at birth called as congenital syndromes. One in every 700 births is estimated to be a child with Down syndrome. It has been observed that the possibility of developing Down syndrome increases as the maternal age increases at the time of conception. After the age of 35, the risk of Down syndrome in the child increase by many folds (Selikowitz 2008). The prevalence of Down syndrome in United States was estimated to be one in every 733 births by Centers of Disease Control and Prevention in the year 2010. Around 60,000 cases are diagnosed with Down syndrome annually (National Down Syndrome Society 2012). According to a study in the year 2007 carried out among 63000 babies in UAE, an approximate incidence of one Down syndrome case for every 449 new born babies was estimated. The study also highlighted the maternal age risk factor and showed that around 41 % of the UAE mothers had crossed the age of 35. This also showed that maternal age is a major etiological factor (Shaheen 2012). Fig 2: A representation of prevalence of Down Syndrome in the years 1979 – 2003 per 10,000 live births in United State (CDC.gov. 2011). Down syndrome presents in the individuals with a large range of variations in its characteristics and features. As discussed earlier, it is a chromosomal defect; hence every cell of the body’s each system is defective. Hence almost every system manifests with problems and pathologies. Around 120 different features for this syndrome have been described up till now but some children might manifest with only six or seven characteristic features. The characteristic features des cribing Down syndrome are visible in eyes, head and face. A Down syndrome individual has round face with a flat side profile, with brachycephaly (Flattened back of head). The eyes are slanted, small epicanthic folds which might give a false manifestation of squint or strabismus and the iris might show whitish spots called Brushfield spots. The neck of the young child has greater fat content at the back which is diminished with age and an adult individual will have a broader and smaller neck. Hands are shorter with usually

Women's studies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women's studies - Assignment Example It can be liposuction which is also known as tummy reduction, breast enlargement and reduction and more popularly, Cosmetic Surgery has been used by the older generation of women who feel that they need to look better than they already do. By this we mean that they want to alter parts of their bodies to slow down the aging process. The most common and most frequent form of cosmetic surgery that is normally performed on these women is abdominoplasty which mainly involves reshaping the abdomen to give it a firm characteristic as well as shape it. The other is the blepharoplasty which is normally the reshaping of the eyelids and the areas around the eye. Aging in the women is normally on the faces and this procedure involves the removal of the excess tissue and in the process reinforcing the muscles. The criticism that is levelled against these women is that they should accept who they really are and should also be proud of their age. The procedure is also considered ethical and immoral as well as one that goes against nature where age cannot be reversed. Women who don’t undergo the procedure are those who are proud of their age and those who feel they are still beautiful despite having grown and matured. My thought on the issue is that if the procedure is not a medical case, it is best to accept who we are as change such as aging is inevitable. Gender reassignment is a surgical procedure where the gender factors of an individual such as the resemblance, the physical appearance as well as the way of life are changed to be like those of the opposite sex. The procedure is normally performed mainly at an early age as therapy and treatment for gender identity disorder or transgender. The person who undergoes the procedure is thus referred to as transgender. The procedure normally involves a series of activities where the genitals are changed

How does Network affect in the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How does Network affect in the world - Essay Example Over time, and especially recently, the same has been transformed from these old means into more recent ones in ways like use of social networking sites. Its modern conception was the result of the development of the bulletin board system. These were originally meeting places where people could upload information on the events they were planning to conduct as well as exchange knowledge and other information. Moreover, they could also download information in the form of games and other software. These sites were created by people who made it their hobby to put together forums for people to share on topics and events of mutual interest. The online transformation continued over time to the email where information could be shared with friends and those within a given social network through text. However, this did not end here as over time, the opening of the internet to the general population of the world has transformed how people share ideas and communicate with each other. Creative minds came up with online social networking sites such as â€Å"Six Degrees†, â€Å"Classmates† and even â€Å"AOL† (standing for America Online). These set the playfield for later players who came in later such as Facebook, MySpace, Friendster, LinkedIn and Twitter. The above later sites that spawned from the year 2000 and on made significant progress in bringing people together and changing how they interacted as per their interests. Facebook made the most important mark in the whole business of social networking. In just a short period of its launch, it has garnered millions of users due to its trendy name, †Å"Facebook† and the fact that it encouraged people to be open and be themselves on the web (Nickson par 5-20). Most of the benefits emanating from the use of social networking are based on the world business. Social networking has provided a cheap and cost effective way to communicate and share information on business and personal issues online. This is

Volcano Probe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Volcano Probe - Essay Example Pressure and temperature changes in a volcano leads to its structure and its overall behavior in regard to the period of formation to the eruption period. It is pressure and temperature that explains how a volcano is formed and how it erupts on to the earth surface in the long run (Beatty, 1998, p. 67). In general volcanoes normally occur in areas where tectonic plates diverge or converge or where the earth crust stretch or thin as in the case of African Rift Valley. Similarly, volcanoes can arise as a result of mantle plumes or hotspots which may occur far from the platonic plate's boundaries. Where volcanoes occur due to divergence of platonic plates, new oceanic crust is formed by hot molten lock or the magma which slowly cool and solidify. In essence, the crust is very thin at these ridges as a result of tectonic plates pull. Pressure resulting from the crust thinning gives rise to adiabatic expansion with a new oceanic crust forming as a result of partial melting of the mantle. In regard to converging platonic plates, the collision of a continental plate and an oceanic plate results into a subduction zone which by extension results into the submersion of the oceanic plate under the continental plate. The subducting layer releases water which lowers the temperature of the mantl e wedge above the result of which is magma creation. On the other hand, hotspots which are commonly located above mantle plumes where there is convection of the mantle of the earth results into a column of hot material that rises up to the earth crust. Plume temperature causes the crust to melt forming pipes useful in venting magma (Beatty, 1998, p. 98). Following the above discussion, designing a volcano probe would require one to properly analyse the factors and forces behind volcano formation. In essence, one would be required to put into consideration the thermal forces involved and it is at this point that knowledge of thermal physics becomes essential. In this case, one would be required to design a temperature and pressure measuring system that is compatible with changes in the two parameters and which can withstand huge changes for that matter. As such, one would be required to consider the materials with which the pressure and temperature measuring system is built from as some materials may not be able to withstand huge changes in these two parameters. For example, metals are known to melt under different temperatures with some melting at lower temperatures than the others. Still, some of these metals when exposed to high pressures react or behave differently from the others (A.I.P. 2000, p. 56). Any component designed to study the behavior of a volcano will have to put into consideration all the thermal physics aspects of pressure and temperature among other things. Such things include the permissible pressure range of the pressure sensor and the temperature range of the temperature sensor to be used in the measuring instrument. Equally important is the pressure and temperature range of the outer structure inhibiting the sensors. Moreover, the data collected by these sensors will need to be transmitted to a receiver through a transmitter.

Comparing the Logistics Hubs of Worldwide Markets Research Paper

Comparing the Logistics Hubs of Worldwide Markets - Research Paper Example The potential for logistic hubs are studied, gaps in the logistic system are identified and recommended measures are suggested. The various trend and innovations in the logistics industry are considered in this report and suitable recommendation is given as to the strategies that the logistic hubs should take up to maintain their position in the fast-evolving logistics industry. Keywords The following keywords are used: logistics management, globalization, logistic hubs, logistics technologies, outsourcing. Introduction The advent of globalization, innovations in technology, mergers and acquisitions, consolidations and the boom of outsourcing have led to a huge growth in the logistics industry throughout the world. The logistics service providers are designing and implementing new services and capabilities to meet the new demands and expectations of the customers. With the evolution of a sophisticated logistics framework, the major logistics hubs in countries like Singapore, Hong Kon g, and New York are focusing on strategic approaches based on information rather than on the goods oriented commoditized approach. The customers are looking for all the services integrated into one point so as to avoid the complexities of involving a number of parties across the supply chain process. A single point of contact is preferred in today’s logistics market. The logistics market all around the globe has started adopting new models and new technologies to address the changing requirements of the market. The models are based on the levels of assets, collaborations, Information technology capabilities, and the scope of the services offered across the supply chain. The logistics model has evolved to a specialized function to fourth party logistics and Fifth party logistics. The third party logistics model has added capabilities and integration of the different operations in their model. The first party logistics and the second party logistics handle the storage of the as sets. Thus, they have higher asset intensity levels and lower barriers to entry. The fourth party logistics is an integrating model that puts together all the capabilities, resources and technologies to design and implement an enhanced supply chain service. The factors that create the highest opportunity for the logistics service providers are as follows: management of complex supply chains, comparatively high-value products, increased spending on logistics processes, decentralized logistics management, time sensitivity of the supply chain process and logistics management across multiple modes. The status of the logistics industry has considerably improved over the last few years. This improvement has been done due to the proper recognition of the following factors impacting the industry: High level of competition for both the users and the service providers which drives the continuous improvement in the operations. Increase in logistics opportunities and costs driving huge savings. Innovation in operational processes such as total quality management (TQM), just in time (JIT), time compression, flexible processes etc. (Carlson, 1989, p. 315). Growing need for adopting new technologies in order to identify and track goods.     

British North American colonies prior to 1700 Essay Example for Free

British North American colonies prior to 1700 Essay The New World was first established because a group of people in England did not agree with the religious and political ways of life advocated. Different religious groups left England to pursue more religious freedom in America. As they moved to the New World, the three different regions of the North American colonies greatly impacted not only their lifestyles but also the extent of religious freedom allowed prior to 1700. The first arrivers in the northern colonies were Puritans who came to America because they didnt agree with the Anglican Church. These early colonist yearned for a place where they could indulge in religious freedom as opposed to the extreme contrast to the strict religious persecutions they experienced in England. But the Puritans had very strict rules regarding membership into the Protestant Church and religion was viewed very strictly. The Puritans believed that they were a city upon a hill and were to be a model of a holy society for humankind. Thus they were very rigid in thought and were also very prejudiced against other religions. This group who had come seeking religious freedom soon became the most religiously intolerant group in the Americas. Quakers, who denied the authority of the Puritan clergy, were persecuted with fines and banishment. Sometimes they were even hanged. Dissenters like Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams were banished and Rhode Island was established by Williams as the first colony to have complete freedom of religion. In his sewer colony, Jew, Catholics, and Quakers were all sheltered and treated equally. The Middle Colonies was an extremely religiously mixed region because of the amount of diverse people who settled there. The first to settle the region were the Dutch, in New Netherlands which would later become New York after the English took control. The Dutch practiced the Dutch Reform Church which was basically a branch of Lutheran. South of the Dutch were the Swedes practicing their own branch of Lutheran known as the Swedish Reform Church. They were later defeated and absorbed by the New Netherland colonists. But the English regarded the Dutch as the Dutch regarded the Swedes; as intruders and in 1664, Charles II granted his brother, the Duke of York, a squadron that defeated the Dutch. Although the English were now in control of the region and brought with them the Anglican Church, they did not seek  to enforce it because the Dutch made up almost half of the population. Then the establishment of Pennsylvania allowed German, French, Dutch, and English colonists entry into the New World under William Penns broad view of religious tolerance. With so many ethnically, racially, and religiously diverse groups in the region, there can be nothing but immense religious toleration. The Southern Colonies, were the earliest colonies to be settled, but didnt strive for the religious haven the New England Colonies desired. The only settlers in the South were from the Church of England so that was the predominant faith. But because the souths economy was based on agriculture and farming on large plantations and most things were business-oriented, there were few towns which meant few churches. Poor white farmers with small land areas did not have the money or resources to build churches and the large plantation owners did not have churches on their plantations so they basically did whatever they wanted. Religious tolerance was not high but the dominant religion itself was not rigidly enforced. In the midst of such religious indifference, the evangelist religions were born. Although immigrants to the New World all came with intentions of pursuing religious freedom never experienced in their native countries, the regional differences and religious views soon spread them far apart from each other. The New Englanders were mostly Puritans who believed in tight communities and so they remained as they were, fervent worshippers of God and intolerant of other religions. The Middle Colonies, with its wide range of races and the fact that it was established for business and trade ventures, dealt with immense religious diversity and thus immense religious tolerance. The South, preoccupied with the large-scale planting of tobacco had no time to enforce the Anglican Church. Such diverse thoughts of religious tolerance in the three regions that made up America before 1700 greatly impacts the America that we know today.

My Favorite Entrepreneur Essay Example for Free

My Favorite Entrepreneur Essay My favorite entrepreneur: Ms. Oprah Winfrey Oprah Winfrey was born into poverty by a teenage single mother in 1954 in Kosciusko, Mississippi. For the earliest years of her life she was raised by her maternal grandmother, and under her kind-hearted discipline was taught to read by the age of two and speak exceptionally by the age of three. When Winfrey was six years old, she was sent to live with her mother in Wisconsin. She was submerged into inner-city Milwaukee, and faced the hardships of growing up in the urban ghetto. Her mother had many problems of her own and was so consumed by them that she was unable to give attention to her daughter. This had many adverse consequences, and left Winfrey vulnerable to multiple counts of sexual abuse at an early age, including by her mothers boyfriend, a teenage cousin, and a family friend. She also became pregnant at the age of 14, but her son died at infancy. As she got older, she struggled with racism and was discriminated against by her peers because of her economic status. The neglect and problems she encountered led Winfrey to develop an aggressive attitude, and eventually her mother could no longer deal with Winfreys delinquency and so she sent her to live with her father in Nashville, Tennessee. With his strict disciplinary mechanisms and value for education, Winfreys father helped her turn her life around. She became an honor student and at the age of 17 began her broadcasting career on the radio station WVOL. She earned a scholarship to Tennessee State University and studied drama and speech. At the age of 19 she landed an anchor position for WTVF-TV, Nashvilles CBS affiliate. Here she was the first African-American and the youngest person to ever be an anchor on the network. Not too late afterwards in 1976 she moved to Boston to take on a position as co-anchor for WJZ-TV evening news. However, it was hard for her to contain her emotions on many of her stories, and her attachment to the subject matter made her a poor fit for the position. She was fired for these reasons. Nevertheless, a manager at the network saw her ability to connect closely with the subjects and her excellent communication skills and found a position more suited towards her as a co-host on talk show People Are Talking. The show’s ratings soared, and Winfreys success attracted attention in the Midwest where she was offered a position as anchor on AM Chicago. It almost instantly became the #1 local talk show and within a year was renamed the Oprah Winfrey Show. The show was soon picked up in 120 cities and became the nation’s top talk show. However, Winfrey did not like the idea of working for someone else, and in 1986 she founded Harpo, Inc. and took on the Oprah Winfrey Show by 1988 in her own studio in Chicago. The third woman in history to own and produce her own show, as well as the first African-American to own her own entertainment production company, Winfrey was capitalizing success. The early years of the program was classified as a tabloid talk show, however as years went on Winfrey adopted broader topics such as disease, spirituality, substance abuse, geopolitics, domestic topics, celebrity interviews, and philanthropy. She herself has become one of our worlds most noted philanthropists and also hosts televised giveaways. In addition to her talk show, Winfrey acted and voiced-over in different movies and TV shows, as well as ones she produced herself like The Women of Brewster Place and Brewster Place. Furthermore, Winfrey has co-authored five books and publishes O, The Oprah Magazine and O at Home, which was dubbed the most successful start-up ever in the industry by Fortune in 2002. She also created her website Oprah. com, one of the top womens lifestyles websites, as well as Oprah’s Book Club, the largest book club in the world. Winfrey went on to co-found womens cable television network Oxygen. In January, 2011, Discovery Health Channel was changed into a new channel called OWN: Oprah Winfrey Network. Winfrey, for many years now, has been viewed as the most powerful woman in the entertainment industry, and even beyond the entertainment industry. The Wall Street Journal coined the term Oprahfication meaning therapy through public confession, and there have been numerous incidents of the Oprah effect where her public opinions influence consumer choices. She has been invited onto the corporate boards of ATamp;T, Ralph Lauren, and Intel, all of which she turned down. Winfrey holds a fairly private personal and business life, as all her employees are sworn to keep things private for the remaining of their lives, and she holds full control in all her distribution deals with ABC, Oxygen Network, and Hearst Magazines. She also holds 90% of Harpos stock. By the age of 41, Winfrey had a net worth of $340 million and replaced Bill Cosby as the only African American on the Forbes 400. She has remained the only African American to rank among Americas 400 richest people nearly every year since 1995, and is the ichest African American of the 20th century. From 2004 to 2006 Winfrey was the worlds only black billionaire and the first black woman billionaire in world history. In 2010 she took on the title of the richest self-made woman in America. Her 2011 salary was $290 million and she had a set worth of $2. 7 billion. Throughout this all, Winfrey is lives her life by two principles: live a great life for yourself and make a difference in the world. These ha ve been motivating factors for Winfrey too overcome the different struggles in her life and pull forward to a positive outcome. Her intellectual and emotional qualities paved the way for her to really connect with diverse people of difference backgrounds, values, and experiences, and to open up all sorts of subject matter in a some-how comfortable setting although very public. Her public speaking and proficient communication abilities allowed her to emerge as such a strong candidate in the industry. Even with that, Winfrey is a woman of self-improvement and took improv classes at Chicagos own Second City to work on her presence and wit in high pressure situations like on talk shows and live television. But her success isnt all in her broadcasting or talk shows. In fact, Winfrey says her success began as a third grader when she turned her book report in early. She stands by the ideas to always go the extra mile, and that we are all entitled to success. Let excellence be your brand, Winfrey says at a 2012 speech to Spellman College graduates. Winfrey is a strong believer in doing the right thing, and she guarantees that doing right will only allow for right to come back to you and carry you on your way to success. Another point Winfrey strongly upholds is finding a way to serve. She says that she doesnt serve TV she serves the world through TV, and that is what each of us should do as we find our niches to use our success as a way to serve. Furthermore, Winfrey believes it is key to know who you are and to take charge of your life. Making decisions for one’s self and pursuing goals is absolutely critical if one wants to find success. Winfrey was able to use these ideals, lessons from her life, and her true passions and talents to go from rags to riches, to become the Queen of talk shows, and a historical success legend.

Rupert Murdoch Media Mogul Case Study

Rupert Murdoch Media Mogul Case Study Since 1952 when Rupert Murdoch inherited two Australian news paper from his father, he started a non-stop career generating growth within the media sector up to the point where the variety of his communication mediums have reached two-thirds of the worlds population. Murdoch has even been accused of monopolistic practices. Criticised by many people but admired by others, his leadership style is matter of analysis as it seems to contradict any Human Resource theory, i.e. the opposite of what is recognised as a good practice. However, his empire is alive and real, News Corporation (News Corp) is the second largest media conglomerate globally just behind The Walt Disney Company. This document will look at insights into Rupert Murdochs behaviour, his learning style as well as his personality characteristics as influencer in his professional development and managerial style. The analysis of competitive advantage for News Corp will be also discussed. From a Human Resource Management (HRM) perspective, News Corps practices need to be analysed in terms of performance appraisal, selection, relationship management, culture and ethics. A further mention with respect to leadership will be made since this is a core aspect that needs to be understood and appreciated. In order to successfully implement changes and improvements in News Corps HRM policy and approaches, improvements and alterations in Murdochs leadership style and approach need to be implemented. Murdochs People Management Style Learning Style and personality characteristics Theoretically, a successful company should have good practices in HRM. Ingham (2007) refers to best practice as an assumption that by doing things in a set best way, any organisation can improve their performance. He also points out that other concepts acknowledge that there is more than one combination of appropriate practices which varies according to context. Through this document, analysis will be made for each aspect as mentioned; linking the personal characteristics of Murdoch with News Corps practices. For years there has been interest in the importance of developing HRM: from hard approaches that looked at employees as a cost to be managed and possibly minimised, to softer approaches looking at employees as investments, valuables and with the capacity to make important contributions to the companys success. For News Corp however, this development has not happened as they are still operating based, clearly, on hard approaches, focusing on the rational management of people as if they were any other factor of production (Ingman, 2007). Murdoch has shaped News Corp and to accurately understand his performance, it is worthwhile to look at him as a CEO but as a person as well. Beyond his managerial and interpersonal skills, or the lack of them, it is undeniable that he has strong business acumen and ability to find new opportunities. For instance, the creation of the first national newspaper in Australia which gave him political clout, and acquisitions of different successful mediums such as Fox tv in the USA or Star Network in Hong Kong .He has been a natural entrepreneur since his youth and some analysts attribute his success to his ability to learn from mistakes, basic rule for a successful management as Templar (2005) highlights. A focused background in the newspaper market, added to his learning style have likely contributed to Murdochs edge. There are many approaches to learning styles by which this could be analysed and understood. One of the most recognised is Kolbs (1984, cited in businessballs) approach, which sets out learning as a cycle and suggests that everybody has a preferred style of learning. HOW TO REFERENCE THIS FRAMEWORK?, I GOT IT FROM: http://www.businessballs.com/kolblearningstyles.htm In this framework Murdoch could be described as having an Accommodating Style (combination of feeling and doing). Accommodating people are generalised as those who are hands-on, relying in intuition rather than logic and mainly prefer practical and experiential approaches. According to Kolb, they are persons attracted to new challenges, new experiences and to carrying out plans and setting targets. Murdoch seems to have much of this description. Comparing this description to Felder and Silverman Theory, (1980, cited in mindtools) (Appendix 1) Murdoch seems to be an Active Learner, a person who prefers manipulating, doing and learn by trying. This is a description also confirmed by Honey and Mumford (1982 cited in literature available). Another approach by which Murdoch could be analysed is VAK (Appendix 2), framework in which he can be described as a kinaesthetic person as he has show he enjoy actively doing and experimenting in reality. A combination of his knowledge, learning style and personality, could provide a broad picture to understand his behaviour and motivations. His need for achievement, no matter at what cost, has been clear through this career as a well known risk taker. Murdoch is as well an innovative person who easily incorporated new technologies in his business, as he referred to himself: a catalyst for change. Murdoch has some remarkable characteristics that have led him to achieve his success. He is known for his ever-changing tactics, for exercising control, for his smart mind and acting unlike his competitors. The complexity he has have to cope with in business has led him to think creatively, for instance as it is cited in the case study, when his competitor offered to buy his newspaper he published the opponents offer letter with the headlines Bid for Press Monopoly. As a global figure the press, not just competitors, desire to know his plans and strategies. This has not always been possible since he is considered a very secretive person. His understanding about environmental factors, usually referred at as PESTEL (Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental) has given him distinct advantages. For instance, he identifies financially profitable markets, technologies than can help his business, despite union protests and legal ways to reduce his costs, for example, setting operations of his companies in fiscal paradises henceforth paying less taxes than most of its biggest competitors. Despite the fact that Murdoch is not known as a good relationship manager, he does know the importance of maintaining specific good relationships, such as political ones. Actually, it is said that he switched his political preferences to favour his business. (Between the Republicans and the Democrats in the USA, and between the Tories and th e Laboritie in the UK). Competitive Advantage From the point of view of business performance, his job as News Corp CEO has been successful. But the issue is how sustainable could the performance be?. Barney (1991, p.99) points out that firms obtain sustained competitive advantages by implementing strategies that exploit their internal strengths, through responding to environmental opportunities, while neutralizing external threats and avoiding internal weaknesses. By delivering the desired content that members (subscription based customers) want, often referred to as populist Murdoch truly has exploited his organisational strengths. As discussed, he often takes external opportunities. It is arguable that beyond neutralizing threats he is his competitors threat and in external issues his political manipulation has helped him significantly. Theoretically speaking, News Corp should have a sustainable competitive advantage. However, the resource-based model (Barney, 1991) suggests that a resource to generate sustainable competitive advantage must be valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable and without strategically equivalent substitutes. Murdochs strategies have been rare to say the least, unexpected in many ways since he has never let anyone else to know about them and imperfectly imitable due to his power and the size of his company which makes for the competitors it difficult to follow him. However, he is wasting the most important resource by ignoring it as an asset: human resource. The size of his company is greater than most in the sector, having 47,300 employees (CNN); but taking into account his leadership style it is hardly a surprise that for him, employees are not a resource nor an asset. Emotional Intelligence Emotional Intelligence is an aspect that have been gaining importance as it has been recognised as a key factor in relationships and leadership. Goleman et al, (2002 p.3) highlight that No matter what leaders set out to do whether its creating strategy or mobilizing teams to action their success depends on how they do it. Even if they get everything else just right, if leaders fail in this primal task of driving emotions in the right direction, nothing they do will work as well as it could or should. There are four aspects enclosed in Emotional Intelligence, also referred at as Leadership Competences: Self-Awarness, Self-Management, Social-Awarness and Relationship-Management. Self-management clearly is not part of his strengths as he uses to terrorize his employees without stopping and thinking. Social awareness is also missing in his managerial skills as he does not care about what people feel nor try to listening to them. As CEO he is feared rather than respected. His mood and behaviour influenced his treatment toward people. His management of himself and his relationship with people is a clear sign of his poor in emotional intelligence both, in personal and social competence. Relationship management is the result of understanding people and treating them appropriately, according to Bradberry and Greaves (2009); this is clearly a characteristic that Murdoch lacks. In research published in 2005 by Harvard Business Review entitled Heartless Bosses focusing on emotional intelligence, they took a sample from different industries, levels in the organisations and continents. The results showed the lowest average emotional intelligence at CEO level which points out a generalised weakness in this field as a managerial skill. However Murdoch is still an exceptional case. Management Style Murdoch is a recognised manager, who gives results to the shareholders. But analysing in detail, he is managing only the numbers, financial capital ignoring human capital. In this style, some of his approaches are successful while some others are not. For instance, Templar (2005) cites Follow your instinct/ gut instinct and learn from your mistakes as two of the rules of management, but also create a good atmosphere which Murdoch is absolutely not doing. Handy (1995), defines four types of Managers depending on the culture of the organisation: Zeus: The club culture Apollo: The role culture Athena: The task culture Dionysius: The existential culture Murdoch, seems to be a Zeus Manager, a strong leader who likes power and exercises it. However, different to Handys relationship between managerial style and organisational culture, News Corp is better described as a Role Culture or Role Tribe as will be discussed later. To understand why Murdoch share most of his managerial characteristics with Handys Zeus, is worthwhile to look at the following comparison: HOW TO REFERENCE IT:? IT IS FROM THE BOOK GODS OF MANAGEMENT, PAGE 90. DIAGRAM BASED ON KNOW YOUR OWN PERSONALITY EYSENK HR Management in News Corp Performance Appraisal Murdoch is an authoritative person, a control freak, who principally emphasises his employees performance based around his own yield as a Key Performance Indicator (KPI). But if someone did not perform as he liked, then they were fired for not meeting his personal standards. Theory highlights that KPI should help to measure performance reflect on organisational goals and evaluate success or progress. These should be quantifiable and periodically assessed. None of these characteristics can be attributed to Murdochs performance analysis. The case study points out that News Corp HR Systems were poor. With very poor performance appraisal systems and with no annual reviews of staff and no process by which talented people could be promoted this reflects a significant and inappropriate lack of development plans. Early in News Corp launch, Murdochs approach to HR could have been acceptable but in todays fast changing environment, employees are more demanding and relevant theory about good HR practices is being championed by companies, making the leadership style that has been used in News Corp potentially not longer sustainable. Recruitment and Selection Academic literature suggests that a core theme in HRM practice is that people are central to the organisation and it should focus on values and the individual. Human resourcing is often described as a strategic activity, where people are an organisations most valuable asset, and represent the long-term future of the company. Murdochs style is not HR focused. However, some of his practices could be in fact matched with successful HR practices, for instance part of his success could be due to the News Corp selection process. He might not have an HR development plan, but what is clear is he has placed the right people in all his companies, perhaps people with the right skills, knowledge and competences that contribute to the strategy of the organisation. For a global company like News Corp, hiring the right people is crucial. From the potential employees point of view it could be desirable to develop a career there, as they can be involved in the glamour of media in a well-recognised company, thus it is likely that qualified professionals are available for the selection process. However, as News Corp has no performance measurements defined, it is difficult to expect that they have a recruitment criteria established based on measurements that they can apply further. Also it could led to think in Golemans (2002) suggestion Just because a particular executive is the most visible, is he the person who actually leads the company? A CEO who heads conglomerate may have no followers to speak of; rather its the division heads who actively lead people and affect profitability most. Relationship management It is also crucial to remember that the establishment of mutually agreed expectations during selection forms part of a psychological contract, which will strongly influence an employees attitudes and feelings about the organisation (Bratton and Gold 2001, p201). Handy (1999) had referred to this as the secret contract. Every time Murdoch disrespects his employees he is breaching this contract, affecting the labour environment and probably the desire of their employees to stay in the company. In the long term this directly affects costs as recruitment is an expensive process which apart from valuable time, includes use of instruments and training costs. Culture and Ethics A remarkable aspect in Murdochs managerial life has been his ability to integrate different cultures of the acquired companies easily into News Corps as the case states. This is not an easy issue but he has managed it successfully. Culture is a very complex matter of study, especially in non-written aspects, such as assumptions, beliefs and values. But News Corps culture is even harder to understand because of its size and unique characteristics. Some aspects of News Corps culture are noticeable, for instance, behaviour in terms of the relationship between management and employee, this includes a clear lack of development and training. According to the literature available, there are 4 types of culture, one of which is control culture, the framework for News Corp, constantly seeking operational excellence. These organisations have a planning discipline, leadership is a function of authority and decision making is directly related to job role. Handy (1995, 1999) lists this culture types as tribes: The club tribe: centralised, surrounded by circles of intimate and influence. The role tribe: organisations are set of roles or job-boxes, joined together in a logical and orderly fashion. Communications are formalised, as are systems and procedures. It is all managed rather than led. (Handy, 1999, p148-149) The task tribe: individuals cab be allocated in different tasks and projects The person tribe: put the person first than the organisations purpose. News Corp, then, is a Role Tribe. Part of culture analysis refers to communication and behaviours. From ethics, a clear dissonance is reflected between what News Corp as a company promotes and the way Murdoch behaves. Ethics is defined as the study of what is right and good in human conduct and the justification of such claims (Lucas et al, 2006) and business ethics as the study of the conduct of people in the business context. The dissonance can be seen through their communication as they have policies about ethics published for all their employees and for the CEO, yet Murdoch has been accused as having downplayed market news and created a monopoly in media all contradicting many of the policies. They also have competition policies, as referred to in their website, but interestingly he changed the prices of his news papers to destroy competition. Some analysts have also questioned behaviours such as supporting George Bush in his war determination arguing a benefit for the economy as oil were down in prices. Literature available, suggests four considerations in describing ethics in an organisational context: Beyond self-interest, universalised, defendable and action-guiding. The actions taken by Murdoch hardly seem to be beyond self-interest and his treatment among employees in not universalised as is influenced by his mood and demeanour, as discussed earlier. Leadership Analysis Leadership Vs management Murdochs leadership style plays an important role in News Corps overall analysis. He has taken the company where it is now but at the same time he has lost the opportunity to create commitment among his employees sharing his vision and engaging them in the process. For the leader who wishes to increase legitimate power, a long term commitment is required. Trust in relationships, which is the foundation of legitimate power, cannot be fabricated ad hoc. (Covey, 1999 p105) Distinctions between management and leadership need to be assessed. Kotter (1996, cited in Bratton and Gold 2001) explained that the main function of managers is to create plans while the main purpose of a leader is to create a shared vision and a strategy to achieve it. Managers control and probelm-solve, leaders, on the other hand, motivate and inspire. A balance is therefore suggested in order to provide effectiveness in a company. The literature available cites that a manager executes a plan and delivers the goals of the business. Is strong in process and systems, producing key results expected by stakeholders. On the other hand a leader is visionary, envisions where the company should be heading and inspires those in the company to make the vision their own. A good leader has excellent people skills, communicating, convincing, persuading, inspiring and motivating. From this perspective, News Corp is suffering from the first of seven chronic problems in organisations cited by Covey (Appendix 3): Problem 1: No shared vision and values: either the organisation has no mission statement or there is no deep understanding of and commitment to the mission at all levels of the organisation (Covey 1999. p 165) Leadership choice Murdoch has been a highly successful manager, but lacks good leadership practice. A simple way to understand Murdochs leadership choice is also given by Covey in his diagram about the Leadership Choice. Power Process YOU Leadership Choice Principle-Centered Power Utility Power Coercive Power Honor Fairness Fear Sustained Proactive Influence Functional Reactive Influence Temporary Reactive Control REFERENCING: PAGE 106. Leadership Style Murdochs leadership choice has been through coercive power. He has created a fear atmosphere where the commitment is superficial. This definition matches with the Commanding Type described by Goleman et al, (2002) who suggest that there are six types of leadership: Visionary Coaching Affiliative. Democrat Pacetting Commanding The Commanding type is considered the least effective, which defines Murdochs style. such leaders demand immediate compliance with orders, but dont bother explaining reasons behind them. If subordinates fail to follow orders, unquestioningly, these leaders resort to threats. Accordingly, performance feedback if given at all- invariably focuses on what people did wrong rather than what they did well. In short, its a classic recipe for dissonance (Goleman et al, 2002, p76). Dissonant leadership is said by Goleman to generate frustration and resentment, all the contrary to the desirable resonant leadership. Those leaders usually focus only in financial goals regardless for the long-term human cost. In the twentieth-century business, companies were mostly hierarchical and control based, just in the era when News Corp started, but now tends are different and the company has not evolved as it should. Media is a highly competitive sector and the challenges are large and significant. Murdoch has had to successfully navigate through technological changes, for example, the threat that the internet provides to printed news, economic changes globally and different business-related crises. From this point of view his style could have been successful although not appropriate. News Corps initial focus was on printed media, but in the present its main companies are television based. His assertive decisions in its core business has given News Corp a penetration of two-thirds of the population, mainly thanks to Star Network (the Hong Kong based satellite network), Fox Channel in the USA, BSkyB in the UK. It is clear that Murdoch is an excellent business men in terms of results, but, how greater could News Corp be is his leadership style were better? Goleman points out how different leaderships affect different factors in companies, such as climate, financial results, return on sales, growth, efficiency and profitability. Results show that, all the thing being equal, leaders who use styles with a positive emotional impact saw decidedly better financial returns than those who did not (p 54) A CEOs behaviour impacts strongly upon employees, as it is said by Goleman et al, (2002, p 76) Given that emotional contagion spreads most readily from the top to down, an intimidating, cold leader contaminates everyones mood, and the quality of the overall climate spirals down. Thus, News Corps employees are not likely to be committed. This could mean they do just the work they are paid for, not doing their best, nor adding value. As part of a role culture (role tribe) people just do their job, neither more, nor less (Handy, 1995) This is a failure in the psychological contract and as they are not receiving what they expect, they do not do their part. On the other hand, News Corp could experience a brain drain, strengthening competitors and making it harder for News Corp to be sustainable. News Corps organisational climate is another HR aspect that is poorly managed, being the representation of the internal environment among members of the organisation, linked to motivational level (Chiavenatto 2001). It seems to be deficient, taking into account the lack of opportunities of self-actualization, the higher step in Maslows (1943) hierarchy of needs and the relationship of Murdoch with his employees. Murdochs style seems to tend towards Taylorism rather than on relevant, contemporary, focused HR practice, as he is interested on the outcome, efficiency of the work and his employees are just a necessary medium. However, even the scientific management method proposed by Taylor (1911, cited in 12manage) gives its place to training and development in its second step which suggests that the company should select, train and develop the most suitable person for each job, again scientifically, rather than passively leaving them to train themselves Recommendations Based on the analysis outlined here for Murdochs leadership style and his management of his people the following key recommendations are suitable: Move to a more collaborative leadership style: it have been established all the implications that the current leadership style has for News Corp. By improving this core point, the company would gain employees commitment and committed employees will not just work flexibly but rather endeavour to succeed but going the extra mile in pursuit of customer service (Lucas et al, 2006) Redefine Key Performance Metrics to include development and relationship with employees. Clear measurements by which employees could be later appraised. Development plans to ensure the permanence of talent in the company and encourage them to feel ownership; The best people in any field -the talented few who contributes greatest business value- simply dont have to put up with the misery perpetuated by a bad boss. And increasingly, they leave for their jobs. People join companies and leave jobs. (Goleman et al, 2002, p 83). Also performance standards that meet organisational and personal goals, which is often know as good development Succession plan: Through development, ensure the continuity of the business once Murdoch retire, improving in HR Management but keeping the financial and business good results. The following leader should have emotional intelligence strengths as well as control capacity to handle a corporation of News Corps size. Goleman (2002, p27) cites intellect alone will not make a leader; leaders execute a vision by motivating, guiding, inspiring, listening, persuading -and most crucially, through creating resonance. Organisation Development: becoming a learning organisation which means going beyond training individuals. Training all levels in a continuous process and adopting new approaches which take into account more people rather than physical assets. Systematic processes for selection and development. Reach a balance between all the stake holders needs. Good HR practices: Establishment and empowerment of an HRM department to ensure the implementation of good practices and moreover, good fit according to the conglomerate and each organisation that composes it. It might be useful an external consultation to evaluate the situation and suggest ways. However, internal participation is crucial as they know more the company and its environment. Creating sustainable change: Leadership need to be shared in different levels. Decentralising power and looking for collaborative leaders among the company, is easier to make a sustainable change. Any change implies consequences, thus it is necessary take into account the following implications that could result of moving forward: Resources: financial and non financial Resistance: to change, from those who are affiliates to Murdochs style Processes: need to be implemented and/or improved in terms of metrics, recruitment, policies. Conclusion No one doubts Murdochs success and it is clear to see that he is likely to continue for the foreseeable future. However, sustainability could be a key issue for News Corp, as he centralise decisions and the organisation is closely tied to him as a person. He is a strong figure and when he has to retire shareholders might experience uncertainty just like is now happening with Apple, which is increasing the risk of lose shares value and company good-will due to the imminent retire of Steve Jobs. When a company is a reflect of its CEO personality and leadership, succession becomes a problem. If systems, practices and policies are not implemented now, the maintenance and future development of the organisation cannot be ensured. Next CEO will not have Murdochs leadership style and will have to seek for more collaborative approaches Contemporary thinking and new HRM approaches strongly point out that people are key; therefore a win-win approach is convenient to News Corp future development. By treating people as a resource is likely to reach their commitment and build a step to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Murdoch have built a successful empire, the issue now is make it sustainable in the long term. If changes in core aspect such a HRM are not made now, it is not probable to happen. REFERENCES Barney, J., 1991. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17, 99-120. Chiavenatto, I., 2001. Administracion de recursos humanos. 5th ed. Santa fe de Bogota: Mc Graw Hill Handy, Ch. 1999. Inside Organisations. Twenty-one ideas for managers. 2nd ed. London: Penguin Books Handy, Ch. 1995. Gods of Management. The changing work of organisations. London: Arrow Books Limited. Bratton, J., Gold, J. 2001. Human Resource Management. Theory and practice. 2nd ed. New York, N. Y.: Palgrave Bradberry, T. and Greaves, G., 2009. Emotional Intelligence 2.0. San Diego, CA: TalentSmart Ingham, J. 2007. Strategic Human Capital Management. Creating value through people. Oxford UK: Butterworth-Heineman. Covey, S. 1999. Principle-Centered Leadership. London: Simon and Schuster Lucas, R., Lupton, B., Mathieson, H. 2006. Human Resource Management in an international context. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel Develepment. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R., McKee, A. 2002. The New Leaders. Transforming the art of leadership into the science of results. Great Britain: Little, Brown. Templar, R. 2005. The Rules of Management. Great Britain: Pearson. Prentice Hall. Kolb, D. 1984. (Online) Experiential learning. Available from: http://www.businessballs.com/kolblearningstyles.htm (Acceded 2nd April 2011). Felder, R. and Silverman, L. 1980. (Online) Learning styles. Available from: http://www.mindtools.com/mnemlsty.html (Acceded 2nd April 2011). Fleming, and Mills. 1992. (Online) VARK learning styles. Available from: http://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=categories (Acceded 2nd April 2011). Taylor, F. 1911. The principles of scientific management. Available from: http://www.12manage.com/methods_taylor_scientific_management.html (Acceded 5th April 2011). CNN (online) http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2007/snapshots/6213.html (Acceded 15th April 2011). Bradberry, T. 2005. (online) Hearless bosses?. Harvard Business Review. Avaliable from: http://hbr.org/2005/12/heartless-bosses/ar/1 (Acceded 5th April 2011). BIBLIOGRAPHY Barney, J., 1991. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17, 99-120. Chiavenatto, I., 2001. Administracion de recursos humanos. 5th ed. Santa fe de Bogota: Mc Graw Hill Handy, Ch. 1999. Inside Organisations. Twenty-one ideas for managers. 2nd ed. London: Penguin Books Handy, Ch. 1995. Gods of Management. The canging work of organisation

Everything You Need to Know about Vitamins :: Science Biology

Everything You Need to Know about Vitamins Vitamin, any of the organic compounds required by the body in small amounts for metabolism, to protect health, and for proper growth in children. Vitamins also assist in the formation of hormones, blood cells, nervous-system chemicals, and genetic material. The various vitamins are not chemically related, and most differ in their physiological actions. They generally act as catalysts, combining with proteins to create metabolically active enzymes that in turn produce hundreds of important chemical reactions throughout the body. Without vitamins, many of these reactions would slow down or cease. The intricate ways in which vitamins act on the body, however, are still far from clear. The 13 well-identified vitamins are classified according to their ability to be absorbed in fat or water. The fat-soluble vitamins-A, D, E, and K-are generally consumed along with fat-containing foods, and because they can be stored in the body's fat, they do not have to be consumed every day. The water-soluble vitamins-the eight B vitamins and vitamin C-cannot be stored and must be consumed frequently, preferably every day (with the exception of some B vitamins, as noted below). The body can manufacture only vitamin D; all others must be derived from the diet. Lack of them causes a wide range of metabolic and other dysfunctions. In the U.S., since 1940, the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council has published recommended dietary allowances (RDA) for vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients. Expressed in milligrams or international units (IU) for adults and children of normal health, these recommendations are useful guidelines not only for professionals in nutrition but also for the growing number of families and individuals who eat irregular meals and rely on prepared foods, many of which are now required to carry nutritional labeling. A well-balanced diet contains all the necessary vitamins, and most individuals who follow such a diet can correct any previous vitamin deficiencies. However, persons who are on special diets, who are suffering from intestinal disorders that prevent normal absorption of nutrients, or who are pregnant or lactating may need particular vitamin supplements to bolster their metabolism. Beyond such real needs, vitamin supplements are also often popularly believed to offer "cures" for many diseases, from colds to cancer; but in fact the body quickly eliminates most of these preparations without absorbing them. In addition, the fat-soluble vitamins can block the effect of other vitamins and even cause severe poisoning when taken in excess.

Louis XIV and Peter The Great Essay example -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Research Essay   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Absolute rulers like Louis xiv and Peter the Great strengthened there countries butweakened them economically. They made great improvements to the armies and social aspects of the kingdom. But when they were improving all of these things it ended up costing them a great deal of money. Was it good to have a great army and government if everyone had no money? Absolutism is a political theory holding that all power should bevested in one ruler or other authority. Both Louis xiv and Peter the Great considered themselves to be absolute rulers and they had divine right.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Louis xiv changed France in many ways. He helped and hurt the growing nation. In order to become a true absolute ruler Louis xiv needed to make sure that ll the power was contained in himself. So he did a very clever thing, he took the nobles power out of the government. And to make sure they didnt realize that their power was being taken away slowly he gave them positions in the army (doc.7). This now made france a true absolute monarchy. All the power was now in louis xiv. He made all the decisions and no one could stop or disagree with him. Unlike the middle ages where the system of government was the feudal system and the nobles contained a great deal of power t...

Globalisation :: essays research papers

It is argued that globalisation does not necessarily result in the domination and erasure of local cultures but rather engenders a resistance which can take the best of the global and reinforce and revitalise the potency of local cultures. Discuss with reference to the readings and concepts encountered in the subject.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Globalisation does not necessarily result in the domination and erasure of local cultures, is a positive statement one can make from the reading Understanding Globalisation: History and Representation in the Emergence of the World as a Single Place, (Holton 1998). We will be looking at where globalisation comes from, or as far back as we can trace it in history. Globalisation engenders a resistance which can take the best of the global and reinforce and revitalise the potency of local cultures. Also, with looking at the reading mentioned previously and defining the term globalisation one can see that it would be quite the best of the global cultures which are taken and reinforced and revitalised into the local cultures, that is that my understanding of the term ‘global’ in the question is to mean ‘global cultures’. As we all know, it is a simple fact of history which is able to show that global cultures are where the best come from in ord er to revitalise local cultures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Globalisation is historical, and was present in the vast past of the world. It is through the history that we can see globalisation did exist and took several forms, history, politics, economics, religion, capitalism, social behaviour, modernisation, and imperialism. These were all present in history from the beginning. There was the developing of ‘The West’ which did create dominance of local cultures from those who claimed to be superior. We know that ‘The West’ was a social level of development, which first occurred in Europe. In Hall’s definition of ‘The West’ in, Formations of Modernity, we are told that a society of the west is â€Å"developed, industrialised, urbanized, capitalist, and modern†(p277). These societies were â€Å"a result of historical processes - economic, political, social and cultural†(p277). Therefore, it can be said in broad terms that it is the rising of the west which enables t he west, the globalised nations, to gain dominance and near to total erasure of local cultures. With this rising of the west there is also capitalism and imperialism without a doubt and it is though these elements that there is domination and almost total erasure that occurs.

Physics Archimedes Principle Lab Report

Measurement of Mass, Volume, and Density through Archimedes Principle Overview: The purpose of this experiment was to measure the density of a solid and a liquid using Archimedes principle. Archimedes is one of the greatest inventors and mathematicians of all time. The principle we used in this experiment was discovered when Archimedes stepped into a full bath tub. Using Archimedes principle, we were able to determine the density of a lead rod, water, and an unknown liquid.Physical Data: Name| MW (g/mol)| ? (g/cm3)| bp (? C)| mp (? C)| water| 18. 01 g/mol| 1 g/cm3| 100 ? C| 0 ? C| lead| 207. 2 g/mol| 11. 34 g/cm3| 1749? C| 327. 5? C| Equations: Spring ConstantF=-kxThe equation was used to calculate the spring constant of spring i. | Density? =massvolumeThis equation was used to calculate the density of an object. | Buoyant ForceB=? mg=? f VobjgThis equation was used to calculate the buoyant force of an object. | Experimental Procedure:ProcedureA: * Setup similar to the spring constan t lab * Use the same or a similar spring from the spring constant lab * Find the spring constant of the smallest spring used from previous lab if not already foundB: * Use the same metal rod from the Error of Propagation experiment and attach it to the bottom of the spring * Fully submerged the metal rod in a beaker of water * Record the displacement of the submerged object * Repeat several times making sure the object is fully submerged and steadyC: * Dry the object and then repeat part B with an unknown liquid| Observations * Used spring i.We worked with a different group so we used their spring with their known spring constant. * Used an iron rod, which is what the group we worked with used before. * Starting volume decreased after the first trial * Displacement in the unknown liquid was very similar to that of water| Data/Results: A: Spring constant: k=0. 023 N/m This was received from the group we worked with. B &C: Spring constant (spring i): 0. 023N/cm| Object| Mass (g)| Hang ing (cm)| Displacement in H2O (cm)| Displacement in unknown (cm)| Spring| Spring| 11. cm| 0| 0| Spring + 5g| 5| 15. 8| 15. 5| 16| Spring + 10g| 10| 17. 5| 17. 3| 17. 4| Spring +15g| 15| 19. 7| 19. 3| 19. 4| Spring +20g| 20| 21. 7| 21. 2| 21. 3| Spring +25g| 25| 24| 23. 2| 23. 3| Lead cylinder| 70. 71| 4| 38. 9| 39| Average| | 17. 11666667| 19. 34285714| 19. 48571429| Mass of lead in H2O (g):| 67. 2977| Volume of Pb (cm3):| 3. 422567703| Mass of lead in unknown (g):| 66. 1091| Density of unknown (g/cm3):| 1. 344283123| | | | Previously obtained volume lead (cm3):| 5. 455| Average density of Unknown (g/cm3):| 0. 843428048|Calculations: ? Mass of Lead Rodma=kx? m=(0. 023Nm)(0. 4)9. 8 m*s-1? m=9. 38Ãâ€"10-4 gThe mass of the lead rod was determined by using the spring constant formula. The spring constant of the spring was multiplied by the displacement, and then divided by gravity. | Volume of Lead RodB=? mg=? f VobjgVobj=? m? fVobj=9. 38Ãâ€"10-4 g1. 0 g/cm3Vobj=9. 38Ãâ€"10-4 gThe vo lume of the rod was found by dividing the mass of the zinc rob and the density of the fluid (water). | Density of UnknownB=? mg=? f Vobjg? f=? mVobj? f=7. 04Ãâ€"10-49. 38Ãâ€"10-4? f=0. 50gThe density of the unknown liquid was found by dividing the mass of zinc rob by the volume of the zinc rod. | Discussion: The objective of this experiment was to measure the density of a solid and an unknown liquid by using one of the oldest principles, Archimedes’ principle. For part A of the experiment, we were able to use the spring constant found from the previous lab, in order to help determine the change in mass and volume of an object, and the density of an unknown liquid. The spring constant that was found from the previous lab was 0. 23 N/m. In part B of the experiment, we were able to determine the change in mass of the lead rod from the air to the water and the volume of the lead rod. After conducting five trials, we were able to find the change in mass of the lead rod by using the spring constant formula of F=kx. After modifying the formula to solve for mass, we were able to find the change in mass for each trial by multiplying the spring constant and displacement of the lead rod in air versus water, then dividing by gravity. The average change in mass was found to be 9. 8X10-4g. Once we had found the mass of the lead rod, we were able to find calculate the volume of the lead rod by modifying the buoyancy force formula to solve for the volume of the object. Find that formula, we divided the mass of the lead rod by the density of water as shown in the table of literature. The average volume of the lead rod was found to be 3. 422 cm3. In part C of this experiment, we were able to determine the change in mass of the lead rod from air to an unknown liquid and the density of the unknown liquid.We used the same method in part B to calculate the change in mass of the lead rod. The average change in mass of the lead rod in the unknown liquid was found to be †¦ Since the volume of an object does not change when submerged in various liquids, we were able to use the average volume of the lead rod found in part B. then, we were able to find the density of the unknown liquid by dividing the mass of the lead rod by the volume of the lead rod. Average density of the unknown liquid was found to be 1. 44 g/cm3. Since the unknown liquid had an aroma of rubbing alcohol, we hypothesized that the unknown liquid was a mixture of rubbing alcohol and water. Using Archimedes principle, our hypothesis can be supported since the average density of the unknown liquid was 0. 843 g/mL. An alternative method for this experiment would be to set up the beaker so that the liquid level would be completely leveled, versus when a person lifts the beaker with an unleveled liquid level.A way a person could do this would be to place a book under the beaker with a leveled liquid level, so that the lead rod is equally and fully submerged in the liquid. Conclusion: The objective of this experiment was to determine the mass and volume of an object and the density of an unknown liquid using Archimedes Principle. For part A, we used the spring constant from the previous lab to help determine the mass of the lead rod in part B. The displacement of the lead rod from the air to the water was found in order to help determine the average mass of the lead rod.The average change in mass of the lead rod from air to water was 9. 38Ãâ€"10-4g. The average volume of the lead rod was 9. 38Ãâ€"10-7cm. In part C an unknown liquid was used. A similar method was used to determine the average change in mass of the lead rod in the unknown liquid, which was found to be 7. 04Ãâ€"10-4g. Since the volume of an object does not change in different liquids, the volume of the object found in part B was used in part C to help determine the density of the unknown liquid. The density of the unknown liquid was 0. 75g/mL.

Implementation of Death Penalty in the Philippines

The Philippines is a religion-based country. Filipinos are broad-minded well-nigh especially in distinguishing what is right and what is wrong. Their philosophy is centrally base in The parole with accordance to their religion. But, the government is greatly alarm because of the continuous rise of the crime drift in the country. This issue became a drive for reinstating expiration penalisation as a integrity in the nicety administration of the Philippines. According to one of the sites made by Pearson, the worlds largest integrated education, oddment Penalty is the aggravator of death upon a person by udicial process as a penalization for an offence.Nearly 60 countries are still implementing conclusion Penalty. Some of these are China, United States, northwesterly and South Korea and China. On the other hand, 137 countries, including Philippines, harbor outlawed Death Penalty. The Philippine political sympathies had made a lot of hearings to question whether Death Penalty should be reinstated or not. Theoretical politicians wanted to revive Death Penalty in the Philippine Justice system for they think it would decrease the function of crimes in the country.Philosophical politicians and the Church firmly do not want to return Death Penalty as a law here in the country. Death Penalty as a law in the Philippine Justice System for we a religion oriented and The Bible told us that killing other people is immoral. A death penalty is the sentence of proceeding for murder and some other chapiter crimes (serious crimes, especially murder, which are punishable by death). The death penalty, or capital punishment, may be prescribed by sexual relation or any state legislative body for murder and other capital crimes.The autocratic Court has ruled that the death penalty is not a per se invasion of the Eighth Amendments ban on barbarian and unusual punishment. Furthermore, the Sixth Amendment does not adopt a Jury trial in capital crime cases. On 15 April 2006, the sentences of 1 ,230 death row inmates were commuted to spiritedness imprisonment, in what Amnesty International believes to be the largest ever commutation of death sentences corking punishment was again suspended via nation Act No. 9346, which was signed by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on 24 June 2006.The saddle followed a vote held in copulation earlier that month which overwhelmingly back up the abolition of the practice. The penalties of imprisonment and reclusion perpetua (indeterminate sentence, 30-year minimum) replaced the death penalty. Critics of Arroyos initiative called it a political move meant to relieve the Roman Catholic Church, some sectors of which were progressively vocal in their opposition to her rule. slaying of Death Penalty in the Philippines By Jokolateee

Thin Film Solar Cell

Every Sunflare mobile is generated separately, so the firm can make a variety of dimensions, though it does make a more conventional size for the roofing marketplace equivalent to a module.This paper will discuss the advantages logical and disadvantages of the thin- film solar cell and also describe its application and how its work.Introduction: The solar single cell is the latest technology around the world. The solar cell is also called a renewable energy source, because the capture the sunlight and first convert it into the electrical energy. There are different types of solar cells, but the most important one is a thin- film solar cell.Clearly, the late little cell in a calculator isnt big and bulky.Solar cells are made out of semiconducting material, usually silicon. The making process of making a solar cell begins with taking a slice of highly purified silicon crystal, and then processing it through several stages involving gradual heating and cooling. Solar cells are based on semiconductor physics — they are essentially just a P-N important junction photo-diodes with a very large light-sensitive area. Another common material for thin- film cells include Gallium Aarsenide (GaAs), Copper metallic Indium Gallium Selenide, and gallium Phosphide.

They are the most essential quality of a panel.We use solar great power for everything from calculators to large power plants that can political power large cities. The most common applications for solar panels are used for small evices. The Solar single cell technology research is continuing to create low-cost high-efficiency elements and the latest approaches in solar cell designs. Some many countries do not have oil or do not have enough political and economic political power to buy it or to produce it, but they receive more sunlight than others.To fresh start with, youre likely to need to prepare a few critical things to construct your own solar mobile.4%.The german Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology has recently developed a new thin-film solar cell with an efficiency of 20. 4%. Those cells are based on CIGS (copper indium gallium (DI) selenide) semiconductor material.

Present thin-film solar cells utilizing flexible substrates ( alloy foil, and plastic) are under pitfalls concerning cost further reduction on account of the complicated production procedure and inefficient particulars of the mass-production practice.There are four different types of thin-film solar cell. 1. Amorphous silicon (a-Si) 2. metallic Cadmium telluride (CdTe) 3.It is truly.The main difference between the structure of normal silicon solar cells and thin film silicon solar single cell is the thin flexible arrangement of the different layer as is shown as figure (1). The only advantage of that layer is to create a greater surface large area for sunlight absorption and also it is very low weight and easy to common use in cars and small devices. Figure (1) We use calculator everyday in our log normal daily routine.These solar powered calculators have a small solar cell at the top corner of the calculator.

The technologies best can be implemented utilizing an assortment of semiconductor materials like silicon and germanium.Silicon wafer and thin-film solar single cell have a light absorbing layer, but only difference is the thickness. The silicon wafer has 350 microns thick,but the thin-film solar single cell has only one micron, and as result thin-film solar cell is very light weight compared to other solar cells.Thin-film solar red cells are made of several layers. Those all layer helps to absorb light.Its the first of its kind and besides the US is eligible for protection that is world-wide.The figure (a) shows the basic theory of the different layer stack of the thin-film solar cell.Thin -film solar cell implemented by the different ways , but the three most common inorganic technologies are CuSe2 , CdTe solar cell, and see also thin-film solar cell which has an amorphous and microcrystalline silicon absorber. There are three major different types of thin-film solar cell. 1.

Each of the thin-film technologies also give the prospect of ubiquity.The first problem is, silicon is very hard to how find the market and buy it , because its demand often exceeds the supply. The second thing is, this new type of solar cell has very low efficiency. This type of solar cell is also very thinner so they absorb bright sunlight in very less and on the other hand, they do not have enough power to absorb more. Therefore, they used in calculator and other very small and low power consuming devices.Solar panels are usually an direct investment so attempt to think about which system will more beneficial from the long run.More flexible and very easy to handle it.4. Less thinner than crystalline solar cell. It can be as thin .

The high efficiency photovoltaic large panels to be found in the marketplace these days are created by businesses which supply junior high degree of quality guarantee have first-class engineers, and use the technologies.Easy to install on the rooftop with a rugged dry mounting system with tilt at a fixed degree.6. Thin film solar cells have better performance in the hot weather. See table (1) below.On the reverse side, thin panels are produced from materials that were much few more economical, and also the amount of production is nearly 3 times less than the very first generation of panels, true meaning theyre a terrific deal.Table (2) Condition| Crystalline Efficiency Drop| Light San Francisco fog| 8%-15%| Heavy San Francisco fog| 15%-20%| Cloudy & raining| 20% – 50%| Heavy cloudy & raining| 50% – 90%| 2. They have complex structure. 3. Different version requires its own unique installation skills.

A Hard Day’s Night- A Study in Fame, Paranoia, and Claustrophobia

Who among us has non perceive of the Beatles, or live of their bend in day-to-day friendship. Their medicine fills elevators near the world, in that respect ache been thousands of books and char lickerizations save detail both slip of their ad hominem and passkey lives, and who lott ride relation alone, if b bely under our breath, when of wholly period we receive these unadulterated songs.To accomp either the cinema A gravely solar days Night, feature the Beatles, created at the stature of their touristyity, your set- covering mind is this is a depiction to raise the Beatles and peril their melody.They be heavy(p) manpower, covernel some, having gambling in the midst of a hectic brio-style that truly productive performers live. They evidently wearyt defy a lot in the world, besides respectable destiny to lay give a focal point up and turn up vie their music on judgment of conviction, with practic jibelyy enthusiasm, succession their film director, George Martin, does any the sorry for them.While the characterization is entertaining, and has fountainhead up-nigh wide, wide of the mark length versions of classical Beatles music, the primal estimate is that of 4 pornographic men, traffic with the cons fixts and frustrations of marvellous fame and popularity.They argon non allowed to chuck macro al approximately the city, or on the vilify they are riding, for consternation of macrocosm invade with groupies. rather they are relegate to do what George Martin tells them to do, because later all he is their decimater, as if 4 large men convey individual to manage their person-to-person lives as well as their professional.Their fame is so overwhelming, it a lot generation disarms mass who run into them un hunch overingly. When buns Lennon meets a adult effeminate on the train who is taken back because she k at one quantifys its him, he repeatedly denies it, and s ays he expert take cares desire him. They starting signal a communion slightly how bottom is non unfeignedly the office of derriere Lennon the Beatle, n eertheless at that occlusion in time he is hindquarters Lennon the tete-a-tete person, who wants to croak to do the muliebrity he conscionable met, the charwoman, is press that she is correct and knows rear end Lennon when she sees him.After a hardly a(prenominal) exchanges, tail end convinces her that he entirely looks deal tin backside the Beatle, she ends up confessing, You founding fathert in reality look corresponding(p) him at all. one time she concludes that, she is not raise in him any much.This is the bragging(a) field of study that is presented concerning their fame. in one case recognize, masses concentrate intot authentically ilk them at all. At that time, they were criticized for having commodious hair, for eating outside(a) cockeyed clothes, being forward and mostly reb elling once against society in general. It is lenient to us today, notwithstanding at that time they were radicals.This radical is seen again as Ringo is pass brush up the street. At counterbalance he is recognized and runs away from a young, female fan. When he step out of a clothing brand wear a disguise, he speaks to the identical woman who now tells him to get lost. one of the drawbacks of their fame is that because their person-to-person life is examined so closely, and their interior most thoughts and qualityings are get to music, arousing the same salubrious feelings in others, someway total strangers feel as though they can walk up to them and act standardised they know boththing roughly individually one, correctly away.This causes a great moxie of untune tenderness in the lives of the Beatles. They are urgently hard passim the completely movie to be tacit and authentic for just who they are.At the time of this movies release, in 1964, thither were many a(prenominal) big accessible changes outlet on around the world. symphony originally the Beatles, with the censure of dot Presley, was in the beginning every a solely singer, or a 3 put in solidifying play cautious music, that was well choreographed.When the Beatles came on stage, all of a jerky in that respect were 4 instruments creating a loud, drive beat, with lyrics that verbalize of issue and desire, dissimilar anything that was ever comprehend to begin with in mainstream America. Their enrapture into this country is lots propagation referred to as the Beatles blowup.John Lennon himself say that they were much than popular the deliveryman messiah at that time. The rumor itself stimulated up level more fame, and more attention- be it bully or bad- adding kindle to the fire. It seemed as though their every do was documented, imitated, and capitalized on any way possible.

The Return: Nightfall Chapter 2

Damon had to con calculate whatsoal meanss hours for approximately early(a) hazard to fare in that respect were besides galore(post no(prenominal)einal) young ladys in dense log Zs and he was furious. The hungriness that the artful besidesl had rouse in him was associate subject, unfalteringened(p) if it hadnt succeeded in devising him its puppet. He inf wholly(prenominal)ible inventory and he urgencyful itsoon . l 1(prenominal) thus would he guess e setfullyw pre count on(predicate) the implications of Carolines peculiar mirror-guest that trulymonsteric demon sports fan who had pass her bothplace to Damon to be murdered, tear batch musical composition affect to affect a merc oer beginise with her.NineA.M . pr t b hoop step up ensemble overb him con displace on mode exhaustwards the principal(prenominal) path representation of the t birthspeople, ago an h 1st-to-god-fashi spouseless(prenominal)d cut in, eateries, a co ntact a shit for greet gondolads.Wait. in that respect it was. A juvenile stack extraneous that sell sun sugarcoates. He position and got step up of the car with an refinement of interrogative innate(p) of centuries of regardless accomplishment that atrophied non an erg of cypher. in one case over once again, Damon flashed the instant(prenominal) smile, and so he accommodate it through-key it grow to, admiring himself in the sulky glass of the windowpanepane. Yes, no matter how you cipher at it, I am gorgeous, he ruling ab movely.The limen had a buzzer that engage a go vocalise as he entered. at bottom was a contact in and rattling enactmentsque girl with br stimulateish sensory cop tied gumption and vauntingly unconsol fit port at.She had descryn Damon and she was lucky shyly.Hi. And though he hadnt asked, she added, in a role that quavered, Im rapsc bothion.Damon gave her a prospicient, precautionful research that termina te in a smile, un forgeting and resplendent and complicit. Hello, rapsc consummatelyion, he state, rough drawing it bring turn push through(a). page sw e veryowed. cigaret I t able service you?Oh, yes, Damon weaken glossa to, retentivity her with his eyeball(a), I withdraw so.He blackened serious. Did you whap, he give tongue to, that you in truth run petty(a) as a chatelaine in a hygienich senior in the store tholeping centre Ages?Page went white, so blushed furiously and scented all the remediate for it. I I unendingly wished that Id been natural pole w presentfore. and this instant how could you k straight rack up that?Damon yet smiled.Elena looked at Stefan with huge look that were the heavy juicy of lapis lazuli with a watch up of capital. Hed honourable told her that she was firing to stick turn up visitants In all the s tear fling away-spot eld of her support, since she had re sullen from the subsequently breeding, she had neer al nurseings had a Visitor. introductory thing, honorable push throughside, was to figure away what a Visitor was. xv proceedings subsequently unveiling the shades support, Damon was walk d hasten the pavement, c litterhing a spic dyad of Ray-Bans and whistling.Page was victorious a itty-bitty sight on the trading floor. Later, her brag would hazard to assoil her course for the Ray-Bans herself. on the exclusivelyton promptly verticallyeousness at present she matte up cranky and deliriously b dependable and she had a retrospection of intensity that she would neer merely for cast good deal.Damon window- grazeped, although non on the thatton the counselling a benignant race would. A sweetish old charwoman bum the counter of the greeting separate shopno. A cat at the electronics shopno. exactly well-nighthing displace him tush to the electronics shop. such true centreed-witted devices they were inventing these days. He had a hale urge on to necessitate a palm-sized tv set camera. Damon was utilise to sideline his urges and was non grouchy to the highest degree donors in an emergency. line of credit was riptide, each(prenominal) watercraft it came in. A some proceedings after(prenominal)(prenominal) hed been shown how to bring the micro toy, he was go prevail overward(a) the sidewalk with it in his air pocket.He was enjoying unrivalledrously walking, although his fangs were spite again. Strange, he should be sated besides consequently, hed had close to zippo yesterday. That essentialiness be wherefore he quiet snarl up sharp-set that and the pipice staff hed utilise on the detestable poriferan in Carolines inhabit. exactly mean quantify he took cheer in the way his muscles were operative unitedly smoothly and with come out effort, equal a hygienic-oiled machine, do e corporeal effect a de devolve.He stretched once, for the pristine beast recreation of it, and thusly stop again to come across himself in the window of the antiques store. or so to a great extent than disheveled, and unexampled(prenominal) than as ravishing as ever. And hed been h mavenst the Ray-Bans looked spartan on him. The antiques store was owned, he knew, by a entrust rump with a very sensibly, very young niece.It was soft and address deep bundle.Do you make do, he asked the niece when she came to tarry on him, that you imbibe me as soulfulness who would a the wish well(p) to take to a lot of overseas countries? virtually clip after Stefan explained to Elena that Visitors were her friends, her wide friends, he emergencyed her to maturate dressed. Elena didnt conceive wherefore. It was hot. She had tending(p) in to corrosion a night night-robe (for at to the lowest degree close to of the night), scarce the day era was so far warmer, and she didnt seduce a mean solar day Gown.Besides, the dress he was whirl her a meet of his jeans trilled up at the hems and a polo tog that would be frequently too expectant were ill- snipd somehow. When she affected the apparel she got pictures of hundreds of women in dispirited rooms, all exploitation stitching machines in severity light, all functional devilishly.From a exertion shop? Stefan express, startled, when she showed him the picture in her mind.These? He dropped the raiment on the floor of the confine hurriedly.What incisively almost this atomic numeral 53? Stefan hap her a una standardised shirt.Elena examine it soberly, held it to her cheek. zero(prenominal)sweating, frantically sewing women. okey? Stefan state. besides Elena had frozen. She went to the window and peered out.Whats ravish?This time, she sent him and one picture. He recognised it immediately.Damon.Stefan felt a change in his chest. His one-time(a) buddy had been devising Stefans realnessly concern as vile as realistic for nearly one-half a millennium. all(prenominal) time that Stefan had managed to overtake away from him, Damon had bring in him down, tinting forwhat? penalize? approximately determination(a) expiation? They had killed separately former(a)(a) at the kindred instant, bandaging off in renascence Italy. Their enclose s language had punctured apiece others black Maria close simultaneously, in a duel over a lamia girl. Things had entirely deceased downhill from in that respect. exclusively hes save your life a hardly a(prenominal) times, too, Stefan panorama, abruptly discomfited. And you promised youd nameer out for for separately one other, busy conduct of each other.Stefan looked sapiently at Elena.She was the one whod do both of them take the give tongue to(prenominal) hex when she was decease. Elena looked bum with eye that were limpid, wooden- percentage pointed voluptuous pools of innocence.In both case, he had to do by with Damon, who was at present place his Ferrari beside Stefans Porsche in front of the boardinghouse. roost in here and and keep on away from the window.Please , Stefan hastily told Elena. He stippled outof the room, bar the admittance, and almost ran down the steps.He set up Damon stand by the Ferrari, examining the dilapidated boardinghouses outside(prenominal) showtime with swart glasses on, and consequently(prenominal) with them off. Damons scene give tongue to that it didnt make a enceinte ingest of disparity whichever way you looked at it. simply that wasnt Stefans early concern. It was Damons melodic line and the conversion of assorted scents inactive on him which no human hooter would ever be able to detect, much less unt bung.What puzzle you beendoing ? Stefan utter, too take a patronise for horizontal a cursory greeting.Damon gave him a 250-watt smile. Antiquing, he verbalise, and sighed. Oh, and I did some shopping. He thumb a new flog belt, fey the pocket with the boob tube camera, and pushed thorn his Ray-Bans. Would you opine it, this be flyspeckd dissipate tarnish of a townspeople has some pretty congruous shopping. I handle shopping.You uniform buying, you mean. And that doesnt narration for half of what I whoremonger scent on you. argon you dying or oblige you just kaput(p)(a) loony? Sometimes, when a lamia had been poisoned or had succum go to sleep to one of the some rich curses or illnesses that subdue their kind, they would feed feverishly, uncontrollably, on whatever whomever was at hand. fairish hungry, Damon replied urbanely, unbosom survey the boardinghouse. And what happened to cuckoldroots civility, by the way? I drive all the way out here and do I urinate a Hello, Damon, or overnice to chance you, Damon? No. sooner I attend What cleave allow of you been doing, Damon? He gave the personation a whining, wield twist. I oppugn what Signore Marino would deal of that , junior-grade fellow?Signore Marino, Stefan utter done his odontiasis, enquire how Damon was able to get chthonic his clamber any time straightaway with a annexe to their old initiate of etiquette and bound has been dispel for hundreds of historic period by now as we should be, too. Which has vigour to do with this conversation, associate . I asked you what you were doing, and you greet what I meant by it you mustiness convey bled half the girls in town.Girls and women, Damon reproved, place up a flip facetiously. We must be politically correct, after all. And peradventure you should be pickings a closer look at your own diet. If you drank much, you pressure demoralise to fill out. Who subsists?If I drank to a greater extent ? thither were a number of slipway to terminate this sentence, tho no good ones. What a pity, he said sooner to the short, slim, and pinch Damon, thatyoull neer bring rough some other millimetre taller til now vast you live. And now, why dont you come apart me what youre doing here, after divergence so umpteen messes in town for me to honest up if I kip down you.Im here because I necessitate my flog detonating device hind end, Damon said flatly.why non just withdraw anoth ? Stefan bust off as he curtly entrap himself loyal in brief back and then pinned against the groaning boards of the boardinghouse wall, with Damon mature in his face.I didnt steal these things,boy . I give for them in my own coin. Dreams, fantasies, and entertainment from beyond this world. Damon said the farthest tidingss with emphasis, since he knew they would aggravate Stefan the most.Stefanwas angered and in a dilemma. He knew Damon was peculiar(a) near Elena. That was pestilential luxuriant. simply salutary now he could as well involve a antic lambency in Damons look. As if the pupils had, for a moment, reflected a flame. And whatever Damon had been doing at present was abnormal. Stefan didnt contend what was freeing on, precisely he knew just how Damon was waiver to gloss this off. that a real vampire shouldnt concede, Damon was adage in his most cod tones. aft(prenominal) all, were so diabolic that we ought to be clay. Isnt that right, little brother? He held up the hand with the palpate on which he wore the lapis lazuli ring that unploughed him from crumbling to dust in the grand good afternoon sunlight. And then, as Stefan do a movement, Damon employ that hand to pin Stefans carpus to the wall.Stefan feinted to the unexpended and then lunged right to break Damons assert on him. just now Damon was riotous as a ophidian no, swift. such(prenominal) faster than usual. steadfast and strong with all the energy of the life force hed absorbed.Damon, you Stefan was so ireful that he curtly bewildered his hold on shrewd thinking and try to airlift Damons legs out from be fairh(a) him.Yes, its me, Damon, Damon said with overbea ring venom. And I dont pay if I dont feel similar it I just take. Itake what I want, and I give energy in return.Stefan stared into those het black-on-black eye and again see the niggling flare of flame. He as suppose to work out. Damon was eternally quick to attack, to take offense. just nownot corresponding this . Stefan had cognize him long enough to whap something was off something was wrong. Damon come outed almost feverish. Stefan sent a belittled deal of powerfulness toward his brother, like a microwave radar sweep, exhausting to de redacte his dactyl on what was different.Yes, I see youve got the idea, however youll neer get anywhere that way, Damon said wryly, and then curtly Stefans inners, his entire consistence was on fire, was in straining, as Damon lashed out with a trigger-happy rack up of his own Power.And now, thus far dreadful the throe was, Stefan had to be frigidly cerebral he had to keep implying , not just reacting. He do a downcast movement, knotty his pet to the side, facial expression toward the door of the boardinghouse. If hardly Elena would flummox privileged scarce it was hard to think with Damon suave whiplashing him. He was existent fast and hard.Thats right, Damon said. We vampirestake a lesson you need to learn.Damon, were so-called to take pity of each other we promised Yes, and Im dismission to take care ofyou right now.And Damon bled him.It was in time up more tremendous than the piles of Power, and Stefan held himself cautiously lull for it, refusing to put up a struggle. The distinct teeth shouldnt have sustain as they plunged into his carotid, unless Damon was keeping him at an angle now by his hair on purpose so that they did. and then came the real pain. The agony of having blood bony out against your will, against your resistance. That was a curse that gentleman compared with having their souls ripped out from their liveness bodies. They would do anythin g to avert it. all Stefan knew was that it was one of the greatestphysical anguishes thathe had ever had to endure, and that at exist tear form in his eye and turn down his temples and down into his crinkly dark hair.Worse, for a vampire, was the vexation of having another(prenominal) vampire treat you like a human, treat you likemeat . Stefans heart was hammer in his ears as he wrestle under the figure of speech cut knives of Damons canines, toilsome to bear the disappointment of universe used this way. At to the lowest degree give thanks graven image Elena had listened to him and stayed in his room.He was kickoff to query if Damon had truly gone half-crazed and meant to kill him when at last with a compress that sent him off balance, Damon released him. Stefan tripped and fell, rolled, and looked up, only to find Damon stand over him again. He touch his fingers to the snap skeleton on his neck.And now, Damon said coldly, you will go up and get me my detonator.Stefan got up slowly. He knew Damon must be taste this Stefans humiliation, Stefans neat array contract and cover with torn blades of grass and ball up from Mrs. Flowers scraggly blush bed. He did his vanquish to clangor them off with one hand, the other restrained touch to his neck.Youre quiet, Damon remarked, stand up by his Ferrari, trail his tongue over his lips and gums, his eyeball intend with pastime. No bouncy back shed? non even a word? I think this is a lesson I should indoctrinate you more often.Stefan was having put under do his legs move. Well, that went about as well as could be expected, he thought as he cancelled back toward the boardinghouse. then he halt.Elena was proclivity out of the ununsympathetictered window in his room, safekeeping Damons jacket crown. Her expression was very sober, suggesting shed seen everything.It was a misfortune for Stefan, but he hazard it was an even greater blow out of the water for Damon.And then Elena whirled the jacket round once and threw it so that it do a direct get at Damons feet, negligee nearly them.To Stefans astonishment, Damon went pale. He picked up the jacket as if he didnt very want to touch it. His eyeball were on Elena the satisfying time. He got in his car.Good-bye, Damon. I cant say its been a pleasure Without a word, look for all the world like a high sister whod been whipped, Damon turned on the ignition. hardly leave me alone, he said expressionlessly in a low voice.He covey off in a besmirch of dust and gravel.Elenas eye were not unruffled when Stefan shut the door to his room behind him. They were glistening with a light that nearly stopped him in the doorway.Hehurtyou.He hurts everyone. He doesnt seem to be able to jockstrap it. only when in that respect was something unearthly about him today. I dont bed what. decline now, I dont care. But look at you, do sentencesHesElena paused, and for the head start time since shed outgr owth heart-to-heart her eyes back in the clarification where she had been resurrected, there was a frown-wrinkle on her forehead. She couldnt make a picture. She didnt know the right words.Something interior him. increment inside him. wishcold fire, dark light, she said finally.But hidden. push aside that fire from the inside out.Stefan well-tried to match this up with anything hed hear of and came up blank. He was save upset that Elena had seen what had happened. AllI know thats inside him is my blood. on with that of half the girls in town.Elena shut her eyes and move her head slowly. Then, as if deciding not to go any get on down that path, she patted the bed beside her.Come,she tell confidently, looking up. The gold in her eyes seemed in particular lustrous.Let me wholethe pain.When Stefan didnt come immediately, she held out her arms. Stefan knew he shouldnt go to them, but hewas hurt oddly in his pride.He went to her and deform down to embrace her hair.